וַאדֹנָ֞י הִשְׁמִ֣יעַ אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֣ה אֲרָ֗ם קֹ֥ול רֶ֨כֶב֙ קֹ֣ול ס֔וּס קֹ֖ול חַ֣יִל גָּדֹ֑ול וַיֹּאמְר֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֗יו הִנֵּ֣ה שָֽׂכַר־עָלֵינוּ֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־מַלְכֵ֧י הַחִתִּ֛ים וְאֶת־מַלְכֵ֥י מִצְרַ֖יִם לָבֹ֥וא עָלֵֽינוּ׃
And the Lord caused the camp of Aram to hear a sound of chariots, a sound of horses, a sound of a great army; and they said one to another, “Behold, the king of Yisraʾel has hired against us the kings of the Ḥittim and the kings of Mitsrayim to come upon us.”
Morphology
- וַאדֹנָי (va-Adonai) – Root: אדן; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “And the Lord”; Notes: Refers to the sovereign God, distinct from the Tetragrammaton.
- הִשְׁמִיעַ (hishmiʿa) – Root: שמע; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “caused to hear”; Notes: Causative stem indicating divine intervention by generating sound.
- אֶת־מַחֲנֵה (ʾet-maḥaneh) – Root: חנה; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “the camp of”; Notes: Refers to the military encampment.
- אֲרָם (Aram) – Root: ארם; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Aram”; Notes: Refers to the Syrians.
- קֹול רֶכֶב (qol rekhev) – Root: קול, רכב; Form: Construct noun + noun masculine singular; Translation: “a sound of chariots”; Notes: First in a sequence of imagined military sounds.
- קֹול סוּס (qol sus) – Root: סוס; Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “a sound of horses”; Notes: Part of the divine illusion.
- קֹול חַיִל גָּדֹול (qol ḥayil gadol) – Root: חיל; Form: Construct noun + adjective; Translation: “a sound of a great army”; Notes: Suggests panic-inducing noise of military might.
- וַיֹּאמְרוּ (va-yomru) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they said”; Notes: Reaction of the Aramean soldiers.
- אִישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו (ʾish el-aḥiv) – Root: איש, אח; Form: Noun + preposition + noun with pronominal suffix; Translation: “one to another”; Notes: Indicates mutual discussion or panic.
- הִנֵּה (hinneh) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Marks sudden realization or fear.
- שָׂכַר (sakhar) – Root: שכר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has hired”; Notes: Refers to contracting foreign kings for war.
- עָלֵינוּ (ʿaleinu) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “against us”; Notes: Indicates perceived threat.
- מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל (melekh Yisraʾel) – Root: מלך, ישראל; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “the king of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Identifies the source of the alleged threat.
- אֶת־מַלְכֵי הַחִתִּים (ʾet-malkei ha-Ḥittim) – Root: מלך, חת; Form: Direct object marker + construct plural noun + proper noun; Translation: “the kings of the Ḥittim”; Notes: Hittites are imagined allies in this illusion.
- וְאֶת־מַלְכֵי מִצְרַיִם (ve-ʾet-malkei Mitsrayim) – Root: מלך, מצרים; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + construct plural noun + proper noun; Translation: “and the kings of Mitsrayim”; Notes: Egyptian rulers also imagined to be part of the threat.
- לָבֹוא (lavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to come”; Notes: Purpose clause.
- עָלֵינוּ (ʿaleinu) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “upon us”; Notes: Repeated to emphasize threat perceived by Aram.