2 Samuel 5:22

וַיֹּסִ֥פוּ עֹ֛וד פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לַֽעֲלֹ֑ות וַיִּנָּֽטְשׁ֖וּ בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃

And the Pelishtim again added to go up, and they spread out in the Valley of Refaʾim.

Morphology

1. וַיֹּסִ֥פוּ (vayyosifu) – Root: יסף; Form: Wayyiqtol (Hiphil imperfect 3mp); Translation: “And they again added” / “And they continued”; Notes: Indicates repetition of an earlier action.
2. עֹ֛וד (ʿod) – Root: עוד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “again”; Notes: Modifies the verb to show recurrence.
3. פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשׁת; Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Pelishtim”; Notes: Subject of the verb, the Philistines.
4. לַֽעֲלֹ֑ות (laʿalot) – Root: עלה; Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to go up”; Notes: Expresses purpose or intent.
5. וַיִּנָּֽטְשׁ֖וּ (vayyinnatshu) – Root: נטשׁ; Form: Wayyiqtol (Nifal imperfect 3mp); Translation: “and they spread out”; Notes: Describes military deployment or encampment.
6. בְּעֵ֥מֶק (be-ʿemeq) – Root: עמק; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the valley”; Notes: Geographic setting.
7. רְפָאִֽים (Refaʾim) – Root: רפא; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Refaʾim”; Notes: Name of a valley near Yerushalayim, associated with ancient giants.