2 Samuel 8:15

וַיִּמְלֹ֥ךְ דָּוִ֖ד עַל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיְהִ֣י דָוִ֗ד עֹשֶׂ֛ה מִשְׁפָּ֥ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה לְכָל־עַמֹּֽו׃

And Dawid reigned over all Yisraʾel, and Dawid was doing justice and righteousness for all his people.

Morphology

1. וַיִּמְלֹ֥ךְ (vayyimlokh) – Root: מלך (malakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he reigned”; Notes: Introduces the narrative of Dawid’s kingship.
2. דָּוִ֖ד (Dawid) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
3. עַל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (ʿal-kol-Yisraʾel) – Root: על (ʿal), כל (kol), ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Preposition + construct phrase; Translation: “over all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Indicates the extent of Dawid’s reign.
4. וַיְהִ֣י (vayehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he was”; Notes: Marks ongoing action in narrative.
5. דָוִ֗ד (Dawid) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Repetition of subject for emphasis.
6. עֹשֶׂ֛ה (ʿoseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “doing”; Notes: Describes Dawid’s continual practice.
7. מִשְׁפָּ֥ט (mishpat) – Root: שפט (shafat); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “justice”; Notes: Refers to legal and judicial fairness.
8. וּצְדָקָ֖ה (u-tzedaqah) – Root: צדק (ts-d-q); Form: Conjunction + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “and righteousness”; Notes: Refers to moral and ethical rightness.
9. לְכָל־עַמֹּֽו (le-khol-ʿammo) – Root: כל (kol), עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition + construct phrase with 3ms suffix; Translation: “for all his people”; Notes: Describes the recipients of his governance.