אַ֤ךְ אֶת־זֶה֙ לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְל֔וּ מִֽמַּעֲלֵי֙ הַגֵּרָ֔ה וּמִמַּפְרִיסֵ֖י הַפַּרְסָ֑ה אֶֽת־֠הַגָּמָל כִּֽי־מַעֲלֵ֨ה גֵרָ֜ה ה֗וּא וּפַרְסָה֙ אֵינֶ֣נּוּ מַפְרִ֔יס טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃
However, these you shall not eat among those that chew the cud and those that have split hooves: the camel, because it chews the cud but does not completely split the hoof; it is unclean to you.
Morphology
- אַ֤ךְ (akh) – Root: אך (ʾ-k); Form: Adverb; Translation: “However”; Notes: Introduces an exception.
- אֶת־זֶה֙ (et-zeh) – Root: זה (z-h); Form: Direct object marker + demonstrative pronoun, ms; Translation: “This”; Notes: Refers to the specific animals forbidden to eat.
- לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְל֔וּ (lo-toʾkhelu) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Negative particle + verb, Qal, imperfect, 2mp; Translation: “You shall not eat”; Notes: Prohibition against consuming certain animals.
- מִֽמַּעֲלֵי֙ (mimmaʿalei) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Preposition + participle, Hifil, mp construct; Translation: “Among those that chew”; Notes: Refers to animals that chew the cud.
- הַגֵּרָ֔ה (hagerah) – Root: גרה (g-r-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “The cud”; Notes: Regurgitated food chewed again.
- וּמִמַּפְרִיסֵ֖י (umimmafrisei) – Root: פרס (p-r-s); Form: Conjunction + preposition + participle, Hifil, mp construct; Translation: “And among those that split”; Notes: Refers to animals with divided hooves.
- הַפַּרְסָ֑ה (happarsah) – Root: פרס (p-r-s); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “The hoof”; Notes: Refers to the split part of the hoof.
- אֶֽת־הַגָּמָל (et-hagamal) – Root: גמל (g-m-l); Form: Direct object marker + noun, ms; Translation: “The camel”; Notes: Specifies the camel as forbidden.
- כִּֽי־מַעֲלֵ֨ה (ki-maʿaleh) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Conjunction + participle, Hifil, ms; Translation: “Because it chews”; Notes: Gives the reason for prohibition.
- גֵרָ֜ה (gerah) – Root: גרה (g-r-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Cud”; Notes: Refers to regurgitated food.
- ה֗וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (h-w); Form: Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “It”; Notes: Refers to the camel.
- וּפַרְסָה֙ (uparsah) – Root: פרס (p-r-s); Form: Conjunction + noun, fs; Translation: “But the hoof”; Notes: Refers to the camel’s hoof.
- אֵינֶ֣נּוּ (eineno) – Root: אין (ʾ-y-n); Form: Negative particle + pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “It does not”; Notes: Indicates the absence of a fully divided hoof.
- מַפְרִ֔יס (mafris) – Root: פרס (p-r-s); Form: Participle, Hifil, ms; Translation: “Split”; Notes: Refers to the action of splitting the hoof.
- טָמֵ֥א (tame) – Root: טמא (ṭ-m-ʾ); Form: Adjective, ms; Translation: “Unclean”; Notes: Declares the camel as ritually impure.
- ה֖וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (h-w); Form: Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “It”; Notes: Reiterates the camel as the subject.
- לָכֶֽם (lakhem) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition + 2mp suffix; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Directs the command to the Israelites.