וְהַחֹנִ֣ים לִפְנֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֡ן קֵ֣דְמָה לִפְנֵי֩ אֹֽהֶל־מֹועֵ֨ד מִזְרָ֜חָה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן וּבָנָ֗יו שֹֽׁמְרִים֙ מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַמִּקְדָּ֔שׁ לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת׃
And those who camped before the tabernacle on the east, in front of the Tent of Meeting, were Moshe, Aharon, and his sons, keeping the charge of the sanctuary for the charge of the children of Yisra’el; and the stranger who comes near shall be put to death.
Morphology
- וְהַחֹנִ֣ים (ve-ha-ḥonim) – Root: חנה (ḥ-n-h); Form: Qal participle masculine plural with conjunction; Translation: “And those who camped”; Notes: Refers to those stationed in the camp.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates position in front of something.
- הַמִּשְׁכָּ֡ן (ha-mishkan) – Root: שכן (sh-k-n); Form: Masculine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “The tabernacle”; Notes: Refers to the sacred dwelling place.
- קֵ֣דְמָה (kedmah) – Root: קדם (q-d-m); Form: Adverb; Translation: “To the east”; Notes: Indicates the direction of the camp.
- לִפְנֵ֩י (lifnei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Refers to being in front of something.
- אֹֽהֶל־מֹועֵ֨ד (ohel-moed) – Root: אהל (ʾ-h-l) and יעד (y-ʿ-d); Form: Construct masculine singular noun; Translation: “The Tent of Meeting”; Notes: Refers to the central meeting place with YHWH.
- מִזְרָ֜חָה (mizrachah) – Root: זרח (z-r-ḥ); Form: Noun with directional suffix; Translation: “Eastward”; Notes: Specifies the geographical orientation.
- מֹשֶׁ֣ה (Moshe) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses.
- וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן (ve-Aharon) – Root: אהרן (ʾ-h-r-n); Form: Proper noun with conjunction; Translation: “And Aharon”; Notes: Refers to Aaron.
- וּבָנָ֗יו (u-banav) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and conjunction; Translation: “And his sons”; Notes: Refers to Aaron’s descendants.
- שֹֽׁמְרִים֙ (shomrim) – Root: שמר (sh-m-r); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “Keeping”; Notes: Refers to guarding or attending to duties.
- מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת (mishmeret) – Root: שמר (sh-m-r); Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “The charge of”; Notes: Refers to responsibility or duty.
- הַמִּקְדָּ֔שׁ (ha-mikdash) – Root: קדש (q-d-sh); Form: Masculine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “The sanctuary”; Notes: Refers to the holy place.
- לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת (le-mishmeret) – Root: שמר (sh-m-r); Form: Feminine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “For the charge of”; Notes: Refers to responsibility.
- בְּנֵ֣י (bene) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine plural construct noun; Translation: “The children of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Yisrael.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisrael) – Root: ישראל (y-s-r-ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisrael”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
- וְהַזָּ֥ר (ve-ha-zar) – Root: זר (z-r); Form: Masculine singular noun with definite article and conjunction; Translation: “And the stranger”; Notes: Refers to anyone unauthorized to approach the sanctuary.
- הַקָּרֵ֖ב (ha-qarev) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Qal participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “Who comes near”; Notes: Describes the unauthorized approach.
- יוּמָֽת׃ (yumat) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Hofal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall be put to death”; Notes: Indicates the penalty for unauthorized access.