וּשְׁתֵּי֮ דַּלְתֹ֣ות עֲצֵי־שֶׁמֶן֒ וְקָלַ֣ע עֲ֠לֵיהֶם מִקְלְעֹ֨ות כְּרוּבִ֧ים וְתִמֹרֹ֛ות וּפְטוּרֵ֥י צִצִּ֖ים וְצִפָּ֣ה זָהָ֑ב וַיָּ֛רֶד עַל־הַכְּרוּבִ֥ים וְעַל־הַתִּֽמֹרֹ֖ות אֶת־הַזָּהָֽב׃
And two doors of oil-wood, and he carved upon them carvings of keruvim and palm trees and open flowers, and he overlaid them with gold, and upon the keruvim and upon the palm trees he spread the gold.
Morphology
- וּשְׁתֵּי (ushetey) – Root: שנים (shenayim); Form: Conjunction + construct dual feminine; Translation: “and two”; Notes: Refers to a pair of doors.
- דַּלְתֹ֣ות (daltot) – Root: דלת (delet); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “doors”; Notes: Direct object of the preceding numeral.
- עֲצֵי־שֶׁמֶן (ʿatsei-shemen) – Root: עץ (ʿets), שמן (shemen); Form: Construct plural noun + noun; Translation: “oil-wood”; Notes: Likely olive-wood, used for its richness and durability.
- וְקָלַ֣ע (veqalaʿ) – Root: קלע (qalaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “and he carved”; Notes: Describes engraved or chiseled ornamentation.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿalehem) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 3mp suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Refers to the surface of the doors.
- מִקְלְעֹ֨ות (miqləʿot) – Root: קלע (qalaʿ); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “carvings”; Notes: Same as previously—chiseled or engraved decorative forms.
- כְּרוּבִ֧ים (keruvim) – Root: כרוב (keruv); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “keruvim”; Notes: Angelic figures carved in the doors.
- וְתִמֹרֹ֛ות (vetimorot) – Root: תמר (tamar); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “and palm trees”; Notes: Decorative palm tree imagery common in temple motifs.
- וּפְטוּרֵ֥י (ufeturay) – Root: פטור (patur); Form: Construct noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and openwork of”; Notes: Likely refers to stylized or ornamental design.
- צִצִּ֖ים (tsitsim) – Root: ציץ (tsits); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “flowers”; Notes: Stylized floral carvings.
- וְצִפָּ֣ה (vetsippah) – Root: צפה (tsafah); Form: Piel perfect 3ms; Translation: “and he overlaid”; Notes: Common term for gilding or plating with gold.
- זָהָ֑ב (zahav) – Root: זהב (zahav); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “gold”; Notes: Material used to cover the ornamented surfaces.
- וַיָּ֛רֶד (vayyared) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he spread down” or “caused to descend”; Notes: Unusual verb usage likely referring to laying the gold over the carved surfaces.
- עַל־הַכְּרוּבִ֥ים (ʿal-hakkeruvim) – Root: על (ʿal), כרוב (keruv); Form: Preposition + definite noun, masculine plural; Translation: “upon the keruvim”; Notes: Indicates the gold covered these specific carvings.
- וְעַל־הַתִּמֹרֹ֖ות (veʿal-hattimorot) – Root: על (ʿal), תמר (tamar); Form: Conjunction + preposition + definite noun, feminine plural; Translation: “and upon the palm trees”; Notes: The gold was also applied to these motifs.
- אֶת־הַזָּהָֽב (et-hazzahav) – Root: זהב (zahav); Form: Direct object marker + definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the gold”; Notes: The object that was applied or spread upon the carvings.