וַתָּבֹ֣א אֲבִיגַ֣יִל אֶל־נָבָ֡ל וְהִנֵּה־לֹו֩ מִשְׁתֶּ֨ה בְּבֵיתֹ֜ו כְּמִשְׁתֵּ֣ה הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְלֵ֤ב נָבָל֙ טֹ֣וב עָלָ֔יו וְה֥וּא שִׁכֹּ֖ר עַד־מְאֹ֑ד וְלֹֽא־הִגִּ֣ידָה לֹּ֗ו דָּבָ֥ר קָטֹ֛ן וְגָדֹ֖ול עַד־אֹ֥ור הַבֹּֽקֶר׃
And Avigayil came to Naval, and behold, he had a feast in his house, like the feast of a king; and Naval’s heart was merry within him, for he was very drunk, and she told him nothing, small or great, until the morning light.
Morphology
- וַתָּבֹ֣א (vatavo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “And she came”; Notes: Refers to Avigayil’s arrival.
- אֲבִיגַ֣יִל (Avigayil) – Root: אביגיל (Avigayil); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Avigayil”; Notes: Subject of the action.
- אֶל־נָבָ֡ל (el-Naval) – Root: נבל (Naval); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to Naval”; Notes: Direction of her arrival.
- וְהִנֵּה־לֹו֩ (ve-hinne-lo) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and behold, he had”; Notes: Introduces a surprising scene.
- מִשְׁתֶּ֨ה (mishteh) – Root: שתה (shatah); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a feast”; Notes: Indicates a drinking event.
- בְּבֵיתֹ֜ו (be-veito) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his house”; Notes: Specifies location.
- כְּמִשְׁתֵּ֣ה (ke-mishteh) – Root: שתה (shatah); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “like the feast of”; Notes: Comparative phrase.
- הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Emphasizes grandeur.
- וְלֵ֤ב (ve-lev) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and the heart”; Notes: Refers to emotions.
- נָבָל֙ (Naval) – Root: נבל (Naval); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Naval”; Notes: Subject of the phrase.
- טֹ֣וב (tov) – Root: טוב (tov); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “was merry”; Notes: Indicates joy.
- עָלָ֔יו (ʿalav) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “within him”; Notes: Expresses internal state.
- וְה֥וּא (ve-hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he”; Notes: Emphasizes the subject.
- שִׁכֹּ֖ר (shikkor) – Root: שכר (shakar); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “drunk”; Notes: Describes Naval’s state.
- עַד־מְאֹ֑ד (ʿad-meʾod) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “very much”; Notes: Intensifies the adjective.
- וְלֹֽא־הִגִּ֣ידָה (ve-lo-higgidah) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and she told not”; Notes: Expresses her silence.
- לֹּ֗ו (lo) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to Naval.
- דָּבָ֥ר (davar) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “thing”; Notes: General reference.
- קָטֹ֛ן (qaton) – Root: קטן (qaton); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “small”; Notes: Contrasted with “great.”
- וְגָדֹ֖ול (ve-gadol) – Root: גדל (gadol); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “or great”; Notes: Completes the contrast.
- עַד־אֹ֥ור (ʿad-or) – Root: אור (ʾor); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “until morning light”; Notes: Specifies duration.
- הַבֹּֽקֶר (ha-boqer) – Root: בקר (boqer); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “morning”; Notes: Defines the time.