וְ֠נַעֲמָן שַׂר־צְבָ֨א מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָ֜ם הָיָ֣ה אִישׁ֩ גָּדֹ֨ול לִפְנֵ֤י אֲדֹנָיו֙ וּנְשֻׂ֣א פָנִ֔ים כִּֽי־בֹ֛ו נָֽתַן־יְהוָ֥ה תְּשׁוּעָ֖ה לַאֲרָ֑ם וְהָאִ֗ישׁ הָיָ֛ה גִּבֹּ֥ור חַ֖יִל מְצֹרָֽע׃
Now Naʿaman, Chief of the army of the king of Aram, was a great man before his lord and highly honored, for by him YHWH had given victory to Aram. And the man was a mighty warrior, a leper.
Morphology
- וְנַעֲמָן (ve-Naʿaman) – Root: נעם; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “And Naʿaman”; Notes: A prominent Aramean military commander.
- שַׂר־צְבָא (sar-tseva) – Root: שר, צבא; Form: Construct noun masculine singular + noun masculine singular; Translation: “chief of the army”; Notes: Military title, equivalent to general or commander.
- מֶלֶךְ־אֲרָם (melekh-Aram) – Root: מלך, ארם; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “of the king of Aram”; Notes: Identifies his allegiance and command structure.
- הָיָה (hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “was”; Notes: Indicates description of his past or ongoing status.
- אִישׁ גָּדֹול (ʾish gadol) – Root: אישׁ, גדול; Form: Noun masculine singular + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “a great man”; Notes: Refers to his social and military stature.
- לִפְנֵי אֲדֹנָיו (lifnei adonav) – Root: פן, אדן; Form: Preposition + construct noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “before his lord”; Notes: Refers to the king of Aram.
- וּנְשֻׂא פָנִים (u-nesuʾ panim) – Root: נשא, פנים; Form: Conjunction + Pual participle masculine singular + noun plural; Translation: “and highly honored”; Notes: Literally “lifted of face,” i.e., esteemed.
- כִּי־בֹו (ki-vo) – Root: כי, בו; Form: Conjunction + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “for by him”; Notes: Introduces causal explanation.
- נָתַן־יְהוָה (natan-YHWH) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + proper noun; Translation: “YHWH had given”; Notes: Attributes victory to divine providence.
- תְּשׁוּעָה (teshuʿah) – Root: ישע; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “victory” or “deliverance”; Notes: Military success.
- לַאֲרָם (la-Aram) – Root: ארם; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Aram”; Notes: Refers to the Aramean nation.
- וְהָאִישׁ (ve-haʾish) – Root: אישׁ; Form: Conjunction + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “And the man”; Notes: Refers again to Naʿaman.
- הָיָה (hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “was”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- גִּבּוֹר חַיִל (gibbor ḥayil) – Root: גבר, חיל; Form: Noun masculine singular + noun masculine singular (construct); Translation: “a mighty warrior”; Notes: Heroic status in battle.
- מְצֹרָע (metzoraʿ) – Root: צרע; Form: Pual participle masculine singular; Translation: “a leper”; Notes: Indicates he had a skin disease (tzaraʿat) despite his greatness.