וַיִּמְאַ֨ס יְהוָ֜ה בְּכָל־זֶ֤רַע יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיְעַנֵּ֔ם וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיַד־שֹׁסִ֑ים עַ֛ד אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁלִיכָ֖ם מִפָּנָֽיו׃
And YHWH rejected all the offspring of Yisraʾel, and afflicted them, and gave them into the hand of plunderers, until He cast them out from before His face.
Morphology
- וַיִּמְאַס (va-yimaʾas) – Root: מאס (maʾas); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He rejected”; Notes: Expresses divine revulsion and repudiation.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject of the rejection and judgment.
- בְּכָל־זֶרַע (be-khol zeraʿ) – Root: זרע (zeraʿ); Form: Preposition + totality phrase + noun masculine singular; Translation: “all the offspring of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants or seed of Yisraʾel collectively.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the northern kingdom.
- וַיְעַנֵּם (va-yaʿannem) – Root: ענה (ʿanah); Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and He afflicted them”; Notes: Describes God’s act of chastisement.
- וַיִּתְּנֵם (va-yittenem) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and He gave them”; Notes: Act of delivering over to enemies.
- בְּיַד־שֹׁסִים (be-yad-shosim) – Root: שׁסה (shasah); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct + participle masculine plural; Translation: “into the hand of plunderers”; Notes: Those who violently take spoil—invading enemies.
- עַד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Marks the end point of YHWH’s punishment.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that” or “when”; Notes: Introduces the result or climax of the affliction.
- הִשְׁלִיכָם (hishlikham) – Root: שלך (shalakh); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “He cast them out”; Notes: Describes ultimate rejection—expulsion from His presence.
- מִפָּנָיו (mi-panav) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Preposition מן + noun plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from before His face”; Notes: A vivid expression of removal from divine favor or presence.