וְאֶת־הַחֻקִּ֨ים וְאֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֜ים וְהַתֹּורָ֤ה וְהַמִּצְוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּתַ֣ב לָכֶ֔ם תִּשְׁמְר֥וּן לַעֲשֹׂ֖ות כָּל־הַיָּמִ֑ים וְלֹ֥א תִֽירְא֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃
And the statutes and the judgments and the Torah and the commandment which He wrote for you, you shall keep to do all the days, and you shall not fear other gods.
Morphology
- וְאֶת (ve-et) – Root: את; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker; Translation: “and [the]”; Notes: Introduces the objects of the verb “you shall keep.”
- הַחֻקִּים (ha-ḥuqqim) – Root: חקק; Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the statutes”; Notes: Refers to fixed ordinances or decrees.
- וְאֶת (ve-et) – Root: את; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker; Translation: “and [the]”; Notes: Continuation of listed objects.
- הַמִּשְׁפָּטִים (ha-mishpaṭim) – Root: שׁפט; Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the judgments”; Notes: Refers to legal decisions and justice procedures.
- וְהַתֹּורָה (ve-ha-torah) – Root: ירה; Form: Conjunction + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the Torah”; Notes: Divine instruction or teaching.
- וְהַמִּצְוָה (ve-ha-mitsvah) – Root: צוה; Form: Conjunction + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the commandment”; Notes: Specific divine directive.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause about what YHWH wrote.
- כָּתַב (katav) – Root: כתב; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He wrote”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s inscribing of the law.
- לָכֶם (lakhem) – Root: כם; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: The law was written on behalf of Yisraʾel.
- תִּשְׁמְרוּן (tishmerun) – Root: שׁמר; Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall keep”; Notes: Command to guard and observe.
- לַעֲשֹׂות (laʿasot) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Purpose or result of keeping.
- כָּל־הַיָּמִים (kol-ha-yamim) – Root: יום; Form: Construct noun masculine singular + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “all the days”; Notes: Indicates continual obedience over time.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces a prohibitive clause.
- תִירְאוּ (tirʾu) – Root: ירא; Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall fear”; Notes: Refers to reverential awe, here forbidden toward other gods.
- אֱלֹהִים (ʾelohim) – Root: אלה; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “gods”; Notes: Refers to foreign deities.
- אֲחֵרִים (ʾaḥerim) – Root: אחר; Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “other”; Notes: Emphasizes contrast with YHWH.