כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר שָׁמְמ֤וּ עָלֶ֨יךָ֙ רַבִּ֔ים כֵּן־מִשְׁחַ֥ת מֵאִ֖ישׁ מַרְאֵ֑הוּ וְתֹאֲרֹ֖ו מִבְּנֵ֥י אָדָֽם׃
Just as many were appalled at you—so marred was his appearance beyond that of a man, and his form beyond the sons of men.
Morphology
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Preposition + relative particle; Translation: “Just as”; Notes: Introduces a comparative clause.
- שָׁמְמ֤וּ (shamemu) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they were appalled”; Notes: Expresses shock or desolation in response to sight.
- עָלֶ֨יךָ֙ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “at you”; Notes: Refers to the servant previously introduced.
- רַבִּ֔ים (rabbim) – Root: רבב (rav); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “many”; Notes: Indicates a large audience or multitude.
- כֵּן־ (ken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Introduces the corresponding result or description.
- מִשְׁחַ֥ת (mishḥat) – Root: שׁחת (shaḥat); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “disfigurement of”; Notes: Refers to severe disfigurement or corruption of form.
- מֵאִ֖ישׁ (meʾish) – Root: אישׁ (ʾish); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from a man”; Notes: Expresses comparison—disfigurement beyond human likeness.
- מַרְאֵ֑הוּ (marʾehu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his appearance”; Notes: Visual aspect, especially altered in this context.
- וְתֹאֲרֹ֖ו (ve-toʾaro) – Root: תאר (toʾar); Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his form”; Notes: Refers to physical shape or figure.
- מִבְּנֵ֥י (mi-benei) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “more than the sons of”; Notes: Comparison indicating deviation from normal human form.
- אָדָֽם (adam) – Root: אדם (ʾadam); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “man” / “humankind”; Notes: Emphasizes his disfigurement beyond what is typically human.