וּבְשׁ֨וּב צַדִּ֤יק מִצִּדְקֹו֙ וְעָ֣שָׂה עָ֔וֶל וְנָתַתִּ֥י מִכְשֹׁ֛ול לְפָנָ֖יו ה֣וּא יָמ֑וּת כִּ֣י לֹ֤א הִזְהַרְתֹּו֙ בְּחַטָּאתֹ֣ו יָמ֔וּת וְלֹ֣א תִזָּכַ֗רְנָ צִדְקֹתָו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה וְדָמֹ֖ו מִיָּדְךָ֥ אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃
And when a righteous man turns from his righteousness and does injustice, and I set a stumbling block before him, he shall die; because you have not warned him, in his sin he shall die, and his righteousnesses that he has done shall not be remembered, and his blood from your hand I will require.
Morphology
- וּבְשׁוּב (u-ve-shuv) – Root: שׁוב; Form: Conjunction ו + preposition ב + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “And when turning”; Notes: Introduces the conditional case of the righteous man turning.
- צַדִּיק (tsaddiq) – Root: צדק; Form: Adjective masculine singular absolute; Translation: “a righteous man”; Notes: Refers to one previously walking in righteousness.
- מִצִּדְקֹו (mi-tsidqo) – Root: צדק; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from his righteousness”; Notes: Marks departure from his former conduct.
- וְעָשָׂה (ve-ʿasah) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he does”; Notes: Indicates new action of injustice.
- עָוֶל (ʿavel) – Root: עול; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “injustice”; Notes: Antithesis of righteousness.
- וְנָתַתִּי (ve-natatti) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular with conjunction; Translation: “and I set”; Notes: YHWH actively places the stumbling block.
- מִכְשֹׁול (mikshol) – Root: כשׁל; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “a stumbling block”; Notes: Symbol of divine judgment leading to downfall.
- לְפָנָיו (le-fanav) – Root: פנים; Form: Preposition ל + noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “before him”; Notes: Indicates direct placement in his path.
- הוּא (hu) – Root: —; Form: Independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “he”; Notes: Emphasizes the subject.
- יָמוּת (yamuth) – Root: מות; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Future consequence of his sin.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces reason for judgment.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: —; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denies the prophetic responsibility fulfilled.
- הִזְהַרְתֹּו (hizharto) – Root: זהר; Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “you warned him”; Notes: Negated, meaning Ezekiel failed to warn.
- בְּחַטָּאתֹו (be-ḥatto) – Root: חטא; Form: Preposition ב + noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his sin”; Notes: Locative use, “in connection with his sin.”
- יָמוּת (yamuth) – Root: מות; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Repetition underscores certainty of consequence.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Marks negated remembrance.
- תִזָּכַרְנָ (tizzakharna) – Root: זכר; Form: Niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular (energic nun); Translation: “shall be remembered”; Notes: His righteous deeds will not be recalled.
- צִדְקֹתָו (tsidqotav) – Root: צדק; Form: Noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his righteousnesses”; Notes: Plural form denotes repeated righteous deeds.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that/which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- עָשָׂה (ʿasah) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has done”; Notes: Refers to prior righteous deeds.
- וְדָמֹו (ve-damo) – Root: דם; Form: Conjunction ו + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “but his blood”; Notes: His bloodguilt is the prophet’s responsibility.
- מִיָּדְךָ (mi-yadekha) – Root: יד; Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from your hand”; Notes: Expression of accountability before YHWH.
- אֲבַקֵּשׁ (avaqqesh) – Root: בקשׁ; Form: Piel imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I will require”; Notes: Judicial expression of divine accountability.