גָּעַ֣רְתָּ גֹ֭ויִם אִבַּ֣דְתָּ רָשָׁ֑ע שְׁמָ֥ם מָ֝חִ֗יתָ לְעֹולָ֥ם וָעֶֽד׃
You rebuked nations; You destroyed the wicked one; their name You wiped out forever and ever.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | גָּעַרְתָּ | gaʿarta | “You rebuked” | Qal perf 2ms |
| 2 | גֹויִם | goyim | “nations” | N(mp) |
| 3 | אִבַּדְתָּ | ʾibbadata | “You destroyed” | Piel perf 2ms |
| 4 | רָשָׁע | rashaʿ | “wicked one” | N(ms) |
| 5 | שְׁמָם | shemam | “their name” | N(ms) + suff 3mp |
| 6 | מָחִיתָ | maḥita | “You wiped out” | Qal perf 2ms |
| 7 | לְעֹולָם | le-ʿolam | “forever” | Prep לְ + N(ms) |
| 8 | וָעֶד | va-ʿed | “and ever” | Conj וְ + N(ms) |
Morphology
- גָּעַ֣רְתָּ (gaʿarta) – Root: גער (gaʿar); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You rebuked”; Notes: A forceful verb of reprimand, portraying decisive divine opposition toward hostile powers.
- גֹ֭ויִם (goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Root Type: III-Yod (weak); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “nations”; Notes: A collective term for peoples, often the non-covenant nations in poetic contexts.
- אִבַּ֣דְתָּ (ʾibbadata) – Root: אבד (ʾavad); Root Type: I-Guttural (א) (weak); Binyan: Piel; Form: Perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You destroyed”; Notes: The intensive stem underscores thorough ruin rather than mere defeat.
- רָשָׁ֑ע (rashaʿ) – Root: רשע (rashaʿ); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a wicked one”; Notes: A moral-legal category: one who is culpable and opposed to what is right.
- שְׁמָ֥ם (shemam) – Root: שׁם (shem); Root Type: Biconsonantal (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their name”; Notes: “Name” can stand for reputation, memory, and continuing remembrance.
- מָ֝חִ֗יתָ (maḥita) – Root: מחה (maḥah); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You wiped out”; Notes: The imagery is of erasing, as though removing a record so that remembrance is eliminated.
- לְעֹולָ֥ם (le-ʿolam) – Root: עלם (ʿalam); Root Type: I-Guttural (ע) (weak); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “forever”; Notes: Marks an unbounded duration, stressing the permanence of the outcome described.
- וָעֶֽד (va-ʿed) – Root: עד (ʿed); Root Type: Biconsonantal (weak); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and ever”; Notes: Reinforces perpetuity as a paired expression with לְעֹולָם.