Deuteronomy 22:1

לֹֽא־תִרְאֶה֩ אֶת־שֹׁ֨ור אָחִ֜יךָ אֹ֤ו אֶת־שֵׂיֹו֙ נִדָּחִ֔ים וְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖ מֵהֶ֑ם הָשֵׁ֥ב תְּשִׁיבֵ֖ם לְאָחִֽיךָ׃

You shall not see your brother’s ox or his sheep wandering and ignore them; you shall surely return them to your brother.

Morphology

1. לֹֽא־תִרְאֶה֩ (lo-tir’eh) – Root: ראה (ra’ah); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You shall not see”; Notes: A prohibition against ignoring a lost animal.
2. אֶת־שֹׁ֨ור אָחִ֜יךָ (et-shor akhikha) – Root: שור (shor); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your brother’s ox”; Notes: Refers to a fellow Israelite’s property.
3. אֹ֤ו אֶת־שֵׂיֹו֙ (o et-seyo) – Root: שה (seh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “or his sheep”; Notes: Alternative case of lost livestock.
4. נִדָּחִ֔ים (niddakhim) – Root: נדח (nadakh); Form: Nifal participle masculine plural; Translation: “wandering”; Notes: Indicates the animals have strayed.
5. וְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖ (ve-hit’alamta) – Root: עלם (alam); Form: Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and ignore them”; Notes: Prohibition against neglecting the duty to return lost property.
6. מֵהֶ֑ם (mehem) – Root: מן (min) + הם (hem); Form: Preposition + pronoun; Translation: “from them”; Notes: Refers to the lost animals.
7. הָשֵׁ֥ב תְּשִׁיבֵ֖ם (hashev tashivem) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Hifil infinitive absolute + imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall surely return them”; Notes: Emphatic construction stressing the obligation to return lost property.
8. לְאָחִֽיךָ (le’akhikha) – Root: אח (ach); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to your brother”; Notes: Indicates responsibility toward one’s fellow Israelite.