Deuteronomy 22:2

וְאִם־לֹ֨א קָרֹ֥וב אָחִ֛יךָ אֵלֶ֖יךָ וְלֹ֣א יְדַעְתֹּ֑ו וַאֲסַפְתֹּו֙ אֶל־תֹּ֣וךְ בֵּיתֶ֔ךָ וְהָיָ֣ה עִמְּךָ֗ עַ֣ד דְּרֹ֤שׁ אָחִ֨יךָ֙ אֹתֹ֔ו וַהֲשֵׁבֹתֹ֖ו לֹֽו׃

And if your brother is not near to you and you do not know him, then you shall gather it into your house, and it shall be with you until your brother seeks it, and you shall return it to him.

Morphology

1. וְאִם־לֹ֨א (ve-im-lo) – Root: אם (im) + לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “And if not”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
2. קָרֹ֥וב אָחִ֛יךָ (qarov akhikha) – Root: קרב (qarav); Form: Adjective masculine singular + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “your brother is near”; Notes: Refers to physical proximity.
3. אֵלֶ֖יךָ (eleikha) – Root: אל (el) + אתה (atah); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Indicates directionality.
4. וְלֹ֣א יְדַעְתֹּ֑ו (velo yedato) – Root: ידע (yada); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and you do not know him”; Notes: Refers to the owner’s identity.
5. וַאֲסַפְתֹּו֙ (va’asavto) – Root: אסף (asaf); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “then you shall gather it”; Notes: Indicates taking responsibility for the lost item.
6. אֶל־תֹּ֣וךְ בֵּיתֶ֔ךָ (el-tokh beitekha) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “into your house”; Notes: Indicates temporary safekeeping.
7. וְהָיָ֣ה עִמְּךָ֗ (vehayah immekha) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and it shall be with you”; Notes: Temporary guardianship.
8. עַ֣ד דְּרֹ֤שׁ אָחִ֨יךָ֙ אֹתֹ֔ו (ad derosh akhikha oto) – Root: דרש (darash); Form: Qal infinitive construct + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “until your brother seeks it”; Notes: Refers to the owner reclaiming the lost property.
9. וַהֲשֵׁבֹתֹ֖ו לֹֽו (vahashevoto lo) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and you shall return it to him”; Notes: A legal and moral obligation.