Deuteronomy 28:49

יִשָּׂ֣א יְהוָה֩ עָלֶ֨יךָ גֹּ֤וי מֵרָחֹוק֙ מִקְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִדְאֶ֖ה הַנָּ֑שֶׁר גֹּ֕וי אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תִשְׁמַ֖ע לְשֹׁנֹֽו׃

YHWH will bring against you a nation from afar, from the end of the earth, as the eagle swoops down, a nation whose language you will not understand.

Morphology

1. יִשָּׂ֣א (yissa) – Root: נשא (n-ś-ʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will bring” or “will lift”; Notes: Refers to YHWH initiating the action against Israel.
2. יְהוָה֩ (YHWH) – Root: The Tetragrammaton; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name, emphasizing the covenantal relationship.
3. עָלֶ֨יךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: Preposition עַל (ʿal) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Form: Prepositional phrase; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Indicates the direction of the action towards Israel.
4. גֹּ֤וי (goy) – Root: גוי (g-w-y); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “nation”; Notes: Refers to a foreign nation that will be used as an instrument of judgment.
5. מֵרָחֹוק֙ (merachoq) – Root: רחוק (r-ḥ-q); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from afar”; Notes: Describes the distant origin of the invading nation.
6. מִקְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ (miqtze haʾaretz) – Root: קצה (q-ts-h) / ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + construct noun + definite noun; Translation: “from the end of the earth”; Notes: Emphasizes the remoteness of the nation.
7. כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “as” or “like”; Notes: Introduces a simile comparing the nation’s arrival to an eagle’s swoop.
8. יִדְאֶ֖ה (yideʾeh) – Root: דאה (d-ʾ-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “swoops down” or “flies swiftly”; Notes: Describes the rapid approach of the invading force.
9. הַנָּ֑שֶׁר (hannesher) – Root: נשר (n-sh-r); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the eagle”; Notes: Symbolizes speed and predatory nature.
10. גֹּ֕וי (goy) – Root: גוי (g-w-y); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a nation”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes the foreign and threatening nature of the people.
11. אֲשֶׁ֥ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whose”; Notes: Introduces the descriptive clause about the nation.
12. לֹא־תִשְׁמַ֖ע (lo-tishmaʿ) – Root: שמע (sh-m-ʿ); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with negative particle; Translation: “you will not understand”; Notes: Indicates the unfamiliarity of the language.
13. לְשֹׁנֹֽו (leshono) – Root: לשון (l-sh-n); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “its language”; Notes: Highlights the communication barrier with the invading nation.