וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה נְטֵ֨ה יָדְךָ֜ עַל־אֶ֤רֶץ מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ בָּֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה וְיַ֖עַל עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְיֹאכַל֙ אֶת־כָּל־עֵ֣שֶׂב הָאָ֔רֶץ אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁאִ֖יר הַבָּרָֽד׃
And YHWH said to Moshe, “Stretch out your hand over the land of Mitsrayim for the locusts, so that they may come up upon the land of Mitsrayim and eat every plant of the land—all that the hail has left.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה (el-Moshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “To Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses.
- נְטֵ֨ה (nete) – Root: נטה (n-t-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Stretch out”; Notes: A command to extend or raise.
- יָדְךָ֜ (yadkha) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct + 2ms suffix; Translation: “Your hand”; Notes: Refers to Moshe’s hand.
- עַל־אֶ֤רֶץ (ʿal-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Over the land”; Notes: Indicates the object of the action.
- מִצְרַ֨יִם (mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Refers to the land of Egypt.
- בָּֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה (baʾarbeh) – Root: ארב (ʾ-r-b); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “For the locusts”; Notes: Refers to the plague of locusts.
- וְיַ֖עַל (veyaʿal) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it will come up”; Notes: Describes the locusts rising or swarming.
- עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ (ʿal-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Upon the land”; Notes: Indicates where the locusts will go.
- מִצְרָ֑יִם (mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Refers to the land of Egypt.
- וְיֹאכַל֙ (veyoʾkhal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it will eat”; Notes: Refers to the locusts consuming vegetation.
- אֶת־כָּל־עֵ֣שֶׂב (et-kol-ʿesev) – Root: עשׂב (ʿ-s-b); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “Every plant of”; Notes: Refers to all vegetation.
- הָאָ֔רֶץ (haʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “The land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Egypt.
- אֵ֛ת (et) – Root: N/A; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “The”; Notes: Marks the following object.
- כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר (kol-ʾasher) – Root: N/A; Form: Noun + Relative pronoun; Translation: “All that”; Notes: Refers to everything remaining.
- הִשְׁאִ֖יר (hishʾir) – Root: שׁאר (sh-ʾ-r); Form: Verb, Hifil, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Has left”; Notes: Indicates what remained after the hail.
- הַבָּרָֽד׃ (habarad) – Root: ברד (b-r-d); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The hail”; Notes: Refers to the previous plague of hail.