וַיֵּ֨ט מֹשֶׁ֣ה אֶת־מַטֵּהוּ֮ עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַיִם֒ וַֽיהוָ֗ה נִהַ֤ג ר֥וּחַ קָדִים֙ בָּאָ֔רֶץ כָּל־הַיֹּ֥ום הַה֖וּא וְכָל־הַלָּ֑יְלָה הַבֹּ֣קֶר הָיָ֔ה וְר֨וּחַ֙ הַקָּדִ֔ים נָשָׂ֖א אֶת־הָאַרְבֶּֽה׃
And Moshe stretched out his staff over the land of Mitsrayim, and YHWH drove an east wind upon the land all that day and all the night. When it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts.
Morphology
- וַיֵּ֨ט (vayyet) – Root: נטה (n-t-h); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he stretched out”; Notes: Describes Moshe’s action with the staff.
- מֹשֶׁ֣ה (Moshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses.
- אֶת־מַטֵּהוּ֮ (et-mattehu) – Root: מטה (m-t-h); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “His staff”; Notes: Refers to the staff used for signs and wonders.
- עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ (ʿal-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Over the land”; Notes: Indicates the object of the action.
- מִצְרַיִם֒ (mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Refers to the land of Egypt.
- וַֽיהוָ֗ה (vayHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Proper noun; Translation: “And YHWH”; Notes: Indicates God’s direct action.
- נִהַ֤ג (nihag) – Root: נהג (n-h-g); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Drove”; Notes: Refers to the act of directing or leading.
- ר֥וּחַ (ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (r-w-ḥ); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Wind”; Notes: Refers to the east wind.
- קָדִים֙ (qadim) – Root: קדם (q-d-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “East”; Notes: Describes the direction of the wind.
- בָּאָ֔רֶץ (baʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Upon the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Egypt.
- כָּל־הַיֹּ֥ום (kol-hayyom) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + definite article; Translation: “All the day”; Notes: Indicates the duration of the wind.
- הַה֖וּא (hahuw) – Root: הוא (h-w-ʾ); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “That”; Notes: Refers to a specific day.
- וְכָל־הַלָּ֑יְלָה (vekol-hallaylah) – Root: ליל (l-y-l); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular construct + definite article; Translation: “And all the night”; Notes: Extends the duration of the wind.
- הַבֹּ֣קֶר (haboqer) – Root: בקר (b-q-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The morning”; Notes: Indicates the time of day.
- הָיָ֔ה (hayah) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Was”; Notes: Describes the state at morning.
- וְר֨וּחַ֙ (veruaḥ) – Root: רוח (r-w-ḥ); Form: Conjunction + Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “And the wind”; Notes: Refers back to the east wind.
- הַקָּדִ֔ים (haqadim) – Root: קדם (q-d-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The east”; Notes: Describes the direction of the wind.
- נָשָׂ֖א (nasa) – Root: נשא (n-s-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Brought”; Notes: Refers to carrying or bringing the locusts.
- אֶת־הָאַרְבֶּֽה׃ (et-haʾarbeh) – Root: ארב (ʾ-r-b); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The locusts”; Notes: Refers to the plague of locusts.