וַיָּשֻׁ֣בוּ הַמַּ֗יִם וַיְכַסּ֤וּ אֶת־הָרֶ֨כֶב֙ וְאֶת־הַפָּ֣רָשִׁ֔ים לְכֹל֙ חֵ֣יל פַּרְעֹ֔ה הַבָּאִ֥ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם בַּיָּ֑ם לֹֽא־נִשְׁאַ֥ר בָּהֶ֖ם עַד־אֶחָֽד׃
And the waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen, all the army of Parʿo that came after them into the sea. Not one of them remained.
Morphology
- וַיָּשֻׁ֣בוּ (vayyashuvu) – Root: שוב (sh-w-b); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they returned”; Notes: Refers to the waters returning to their normal place.
- הַמַּ֗יִם (hammayim) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “The waters”; Notes: The subject of the returning action.
- וַיְכַסּ֤וּ (vayekhasu) – Root: כסו (k-s-h); Form: Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they covered”; Notes: Describes the action of the waters covering the Egyptians.
- אֶת־הָרֶ֨כֶב (et-harekev) – Root: רכב (r-k-b); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The chariots”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptian chariots.
- וְאֶת־הַפָּ֣רָשִׁ֔ים (veʾet-haparrashim) – Root: פרש (p-r-sh); Form: Conjunction + Direct object marker + Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “And the horsemen”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptian cavalry.
- לְכֹל֙ (lekhol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “All of”; Notes: Indicates the entirety of the army.
- חֵ֣יל (ḥeil) – Root: חיל (ḥ-y-l); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “Army of”; Notes: Refers to the military forces of Parʿo.
- פַּרְעֹ֔ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to the Pharaoh of Mitsrayim.
- הַבָּאִ֥ים (habaʾim) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine plural; Translation: “That came”; Notes: Describes the Egyptians’ action of entering the sea.
- אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם (aḥareihem) – Root: אחר (ʾ-ḥ-r); Form: Preposition + 3mp suffix; Translation: “After them”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites being pursued.
- בַּיָּ֑ם (bayyam) – Root: ים (y-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “Into the sea”; Notes: Indicates the location of the action.
- לֹֽא־נִשְׁאַ֥ר (lo-nishʾar) – Root: שאר (sh-ʾ-r); Form: Verb, Nifal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Not one remained”; Notes: Indicates total destruction.
- בָּהֶ֖ם (bahem) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + 3mp suffix; Translation: “Of them”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptians.
- עַד־אֶחָֽד (ʿad-eḥad) – Root: אחד (ʾ-ḥ-d); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Even one”; Notes: Emphasizes the completeness of their destruction.