Exodus 19:21

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה רֵ֖ד הָעֵ֣ד בָּעָ֑ם פֶּן־יֶהֶרְס֤וּ אֶל־יְהוָה֙ לִרְאֹ֔ות וְנָפַ֥ל מִמֶּ֖נּוּ רָֽב׃

And YHWH said to Moshe, “Go down, warn the people, lest they break through to YHWH to look, and many of them fall.

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And [He] said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH speaking to Moshe.
2. יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, the name of God.
3. אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה (ʾel-Moshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “To Moshe”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of the speech.
4. רֵ֖ד (red) – Root: ירד (y-r-d); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Go down”; Notes: A direct command from YHWH.
5. הָעֵ֣ד (haʿed) – Root: עוד (ʿ-w-d); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Warn”; Notes: A command to caution the people.
6. בָּעָ֑ם (baʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The people”; Notes: Refers to the congregation of Yisra’el.
7. פֶּן־יֶהֶרְס֤וּ (pen-yehersu) – Root: הרס (h-r-s); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “Lest they break through”; Notes: A warning against transgressing boundaries.
8. אֶל־יְהוָה֙ (ʾel-YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “To YHWH”; Notes: Refers to approaching YHWH’s presence.
9. לִרְאֹ֔ות (lirʾot) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “To look”; Notes: Implies an attempt to gaze upon YHWH.
10. וְנָפַ֥ל (venafal) – Root: נפל (n-p-l); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And [many] fall”; Notes: Indicates the consequence of disobedience.
11. מִמֶּ֖נּוּ (mimmennu) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “Of them”; Notes: Refers to the people who might transgress.
12. רָֽב (rav) – Root: רב (r-v); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Many”; Notes: Refers to a large number of individuals.