Exodus 21:36

אֹ֣ו נֹודַ֗ע כִּ֠י שֹׁ֣ור נַגָּ֥ח הוּא֙ מִתְּמֹ֣ול שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמְרֶ֖נּוּ בְּעָלָ֑יו שַׁלֵּ֨ם יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם שֹׁור֙ תַּ֣חַת הַשֹּׁ֔ור וְהַמֵּ֖ת יִֽהְיֶה־לֹּֽו׃ ס

But if it is known that the ox was prone to gore in the past, and its owner has not kept it confined, he shall surely pay ox for ox, and the dead animal shall be his.

Morphology

1. אֹ֣ו נֹודַ֗ע (o noda) – Root: ידע (y-d-ʿ); Form: Conjunction + verb, Niphal perfect, third person masculine singular; Translation: “Or it is known”; Notes: Introduces an alternative scenario.
2. כִּ֠י שֹׁ֣ור נַגָּ֥ח הוּא֙ (ki shor nagach hu) – Root: שור (sh-w-r), נגח (n-g-ch); Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular absolute + participle, masculine singular absolute + pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “That the ox is prone to gore”; Notes: Describes the ox’s established behavior.
3. מִתְּמֹ֣ול שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם (mitmol shilshom) – Root: תמול (t-m-l), שלש (sh-l-sh); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular absolute + noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “From yesterday and the day before”; Notes: Refers to a past pattern of behavior.
4. וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמְרֶ֖נּוּ (ve-lo yishmerenu) – Root: שמר (sh-m-r); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect, third person masculine singular with third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And he has not kept it confined”; Notes: Indicates negligence on the part of the owner.
5. בְּעָלָ֑יו (be’alav) – Root: בעל (b-ʿ-l); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Its owner”; Notes: Refers to the person responsible for the ox.
6. שַׁלֵּ֨ם יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם (shallem yeshallem) – Root: שלם (sh-l-m); Form: Verb, Piel imperfect, third person masculine singular (repeated for emphasis); Translation: “He shall surely pay”; Notes: Indicates full compensation.
7. שֹׁור֙ תַּ֣חַת הַשֹּׁ֔ור (shor tachat ha-shor) – Root: שור (sh-w-r), תחת (t-ch-t); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute + preposition + noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “An ox for an ox”; Notes: Denotes equal restitution.
8. וְהַמֵּ֖ת (ve-ha-met) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Conjunction + participle, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “And the dead [animal]”; Notes: Refers to the deceased ox.
9. יִֽהְיֶה־לֹּֽו (yihyeh-lo) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal imperfect, third person masculine singular + preposition with third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Shall be his”; Notes: Indicates that the dead ox becomes the property of the negligent owner.