כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א אֵ֜שׁ וּמָצְאָ֤ה קֹצִים֙ וְנֶאֱכַ֣ל גָּדִ֔ישׁ אֹ֥ו הַקָּמָ֖ה אֹ֣ו הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה שַׁלֵּ֣ם יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם הַמַּבְעִ֖ר אֶת־הַבְּעֵרָֽה׃ ס
If a fire breaks out and spreads to thorns, consuming stacked grain, standing grain, or the field, the one who started the fire shall surely make restitution.
Morphology
- כִּֽי (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “If”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
- תֵצֵ֨א (tetze) – Root: יצא (y-tz-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal imperfect, third person feminine singular; Translation: “Breaks out”; Notes: Refers to the fire’s action.
- אֵ֜שׁ (esh) – Root: אש (ʾ-sh); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “Fire”; Notes: Subject of the clause.
- וּמָצְאָ֤ה (umatzʾah) – Root: מצא (m-tz-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, third person feminine singular; Translation: “And reaches”; Notes: Indicates the fire spreading.
- קֹצִים֙ (kotzim) – Root: קוץ (q-w-tz); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “Thorns”; Notes: Indicates the fire’s initial contact.
- וְנֶאֱכַ֣ל (veneʾekhal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Conjunction + verb, Nifal perfect, third person masculine singular; Translation: “And consumes”; Notes: Passive verb describing the damage.
- גָּדִ֔ישׁ (gadish) – Root: גדש (g-d-sh); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Stacked grain”; Notes: Refers to stored crops.
- אֹ֥ו (o) – Root: או (ʾ-w); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Or”; Notes: Separates the damaged items.
- הַקָּמָ֖ה (hakkamah) – Root: קמה (q-m-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “Standing grain”; Notes: Refers to crops still in the field.
- אֹ֣ו (o) – Root: או (ʾ-w); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Or”; Notes: Continues listing damaged items.
- הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה (hasadeh) – Root: שדה (s-d-h); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The field”; Notes: The location of the fire.
- שַׁלֵּ֣ם (shallem) – Root: שלם (sh-l-m); Form: Verb, Piel imperative, masculine singular; Translation: “Shall pay”; Notes: Indicates the obligation of restitution.
- יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם (yeshallem) – Root: שלם (sh-l-m); Form: Verb, Piel imperfect, third person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall pay”; Notes: Reinforces the command.
- הַמַּבְעִ֖ר (hammavʿir) – Root: בער (b-ʿ-r); Form: Verb, Hifil participle, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The one who started”; Notes: Refers to the person responsible.
- אֶת־הַבְּעֵרָֽה (et-habʿerah) – Root: בער (b-ʿ-r); Form: Marker of definite direct object + noun, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The fire”; Notes: Specifies the cause of damage.