Exodus 24:2

וְנִגַּ֨שׁ מֹשֶׁ֤ה לְבַדֹּו֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְהֵ֖ם לֹ֣א יִגָּ֑שׁוּ וְהָעָ֕ם לֹ֥א יַעֲל֖וּ עִמֹּֽו׃

And Moshe alone shall approach YHWH, but they shall not approach, nor shall the people go up with him.”

Morphology

1. וְנִגַּ֨שׁ (ve-niggash) – Root: נגשׁ (n-g-sh); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And shall approach”; Notes: Indicates Moshe’s exclusive approach to YHWH.
2. מֹשֶׁ֤ה (Mosheh) – Root: משׁה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to the prophet Moses.
3. לְבַדֹּו֙ (levaddo) – Root: בד (b-d); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular with 3ms suffix; Translation: “Alone”; Notes: Emphasizes Moshe’s solitary role in this encounter.
4. אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה (el-YHWH) – Root: אל (ʾ-l); Form: Preposition + Divine Name; Translation: “To YHWH”; Notes: Indicates the direction of Moshe’s approach.
5. וְהֵ֖ם (ve-hem) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Pronoun, 3mp; Translation: “But they”; Notes: Refers to those accompanying Moshe, excluding him.
6. לֹ֣א יִגָּ֑שׁוּ (lo yiggashu) – Root: נגשׁ (n-g-sh); Form: Negation + Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “Shall not approach”; Notes: A prohibition against others approaching YHWH.
7. וְהָעָ֕ם (ve-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “And the people”; Notes: Refers to the broader assembly of Yisrael.
8. לֹ֥א יַעֲל֖וּ (lo yaʿalu) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Negation + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “Shall not go up”; Notes: Restriction on ascending to YHWH’s presence.
9. עִמֹּֽו׃ (ʿimmo) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “With him”; Notes: Refers to Moshe as the sole individual permitted to ascend.