וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה כְּכַלֹּתֹו֙ לְדַבֵּ֤ר אִתֹּו֙ בְּהַ֣ר סִינַ֔י שְׁנֵ֖י לֻחֹ֣ת הָעֵדֻ֑ת לֻחֹ֣ת אֶ֔בֶן כְּתֻבִ֖ים בְּאֶצְבַּ֥ע אֱלֹהִֽים׃
And He gave to Moshe, when He had finished speaking with him on Mount Sinai, the two tablets of the testimony, tablets of stone, written with the finger of God.
Morphology
- וַיִּתֵּ֣ן (vayitten) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And He gave”; Notes: Refers to YHWH giving the tablets to Moshe.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: אל (ʾ-l); Form: Preposition; Translation: “To”; Notes: Indicates direction toward Moshe.
- מֹשֶׁ֗ה (Moshe) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to the prophet Moses.
- כְּכַלֹּתֹו֙ (kechalloto) – Root: כלה (k-l-h); Form: Preposition + Verb, Piel, Infinitive Construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “When He had finished”; Notes: Marks the completion of YHWH’s communication with Moshe.
- לְדַבֵּ֤ר (ledabber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Preposition + Verb, Piel, Infinitive Construct; Translation: “Speaking”; Notes: Indicates the act of communication.
- אִתֹּו֙ (itto) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Preposition + Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “With him”; Notes: Refers to YHWH speaking with Moshe.
- בְּהַ֣ר (behar) – Root: הר (h-r); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “On Mount”; Notes: Specifies the location.
- סִינַ֔י (Sinai) – Root: סיני (s-y-n-y); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Sinai”; Notes: Refers to the mountain where YHWH revealed the Torah.
- שְׁנֵ֖י (shenei) – Root: שנים (sh-n-y-m); Form: Numeral, masculine dual construct; Translation: “Two”; Notes: Describes the number of tablets.
- לֻחֹ֣ת (luchot) – Root: לוח (l-w-ḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Tablets”; Notes: Refers to the stone tablets.
- הָעֵדֻ֑ת (ha’edut) – Root: עד (ʿ-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Of the testimony”; Notes: Indicates the covenant between YHWH and Yisra’el.
- לֻחֹ֣ת (luchot) – Root: לוח (l-w-ḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Tablets”; Notes: Reiterates the nature of the objects given.
- אֶ֔בֶן (even) – Root: אבן (ʾ-b-n); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Of stone”; Notes: Describes the material of the tablets.
- כְּתֻבִ֖ים (ketuvim) – Root: כתב (k-t-v); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine plural; Translation: “Written”; Notes: Describes the divine inscription on the tablets.
- בְּאֶצְבַּ֥ע (be’etsba) – Root: אצבע (ʾ-ṣ-b-ʿ); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “With the finger”; Notes: Refers to the direct act of Elohim inscribing the tablets.
- אֱלֹהִֽים׃ (Elohim) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Elohim”; Notes: Refers to God as the divine author of the inscription.