וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה פְּסָל־לְךָ֛ שְׁנֵֽי־לֻחֹ֥ת אֲבָנִ֖ים כָּרִאשֹׁנִ֑ים וְכָתַבְתִּי֙ עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֔ת אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָי֛וּ עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֥ת הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שִׁבַּֽרְתָּ׃
And YHWH said to Moshe, “Carve for yourself two tablets of stone like the first ones, and I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Wayyiqtol, 3ms; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH speaking to Moshe.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: הוה (h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, referring to God.
- אֶל־ (ʾel) – Root: None; Form: Preposition; Translation: “To”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of YHWH’s words.
- מֹשֶׁ֔ה (Moshe) – Root: משׁה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: The name of the prophet.
- פְּסָל־לְךָ֛ (pesal-lekha) – Root: פסל (p-s-l); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms + Preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “Carve for yourself”; Notes: A command to Moshe to carve new tablets.
- שְׁנֵֽי־ (shenei) – Root: שׁנים (sh-n-y-m); Form: Numeral, masculine dual construct; Translation: “Two”; Notes: Refers to the number of tablets.
- לֻחֹ֥ת (luḥot) – Root: לוח (l-w-ḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Tablets”; Notes: Refers to the stone tablets.
- אֲבָנִ֖ים (avaním) – Root: אבן (ʾ-b-n); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “Of stone”; Notes: Describes the material of the tablets.
- כָּרִאשֹׁנִ֑ים (karishonim) – Root: ראשׁ (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Preposition + Adjective, masculine plural; Translation: “Like the first ones”; Notes: Indicates similarity to the original tablets.
- וְכָתַבְתִּי֙ (vekatavti) – Root: כתב (k-t-v); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “And I will write”; Notes: Refers to YHWH inscribing the tablets.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: None; Form: Preposition; Translation: “On”; Notes: Indicates the surface on which the writing will be done.
- הַלֻּחֹ֔ת (halluḥot) – Root: לוח (l-w-ḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “The tablets”; Notes: Refers to the new stone tablets.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: None; Form: Particle; Translation: [Untranslatable direct object marker]; Notes: Marks “the words” as the direct object.
- הַדְּבָרִ֔ים (hadvarim) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “The words”; Notes: Refers to the commandments.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: None; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces a clause about the words.
- הָי֛וּ (hayu) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3mp; Translation: “Were”; Notes: Describes the existence of the words on the first tablets.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: None; Form: Preposition; Translation: “On”; Notes: Indicates the surface of the first tablets.
- הַלֻּחֹ֥ת (halluḥot) – Root: לוח (l-w-ḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “The tablets”; Notes: Refers to the original tablets.
- הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖ים (harishonim) – Root: ראשׁ (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Adjective, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “The first ones”; Notes: Refers to the tablets that Moshe broke.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: None; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces a clause about Moshe breaking the tablets.
- שִׁבַּֽרְתָּ׃ (shibbarta) – Root: שׁבר (sh-b-r); Form: Verb, Piel, Perfect, 2ms; Translation: “You broke”; Notes: Refers to Moshe breaking the first tablets.