Exodus 8:20 (Exodus 8:24)

וַיַּ֤עַשׂ יְהוָה֙ כֵּ֔ן וַיָּבֹא֙ עָרֹ֣ב כָּבֵ֔ד בֵּ֥יתָה פַרְעֹ֖ה וּבֵ֣ית עֲבָדָ֑יו וּבְכָל־אֶ֧רֶץ מִצְרַ֛יִם תִּשָּׁחֵ֥ת הָאָ֖רֶץ מִפְּנֵ֥י הֶעָרֹֽב׃

And YHWH did so, and a heavy swarm of flies came into the house of Parʿo, into the houses of his servants, and into all the land of Mitsrayim; the land was ruined because of the swarm of flies.

Morphology

1. וַיַּ֤עַשׂ (vayyaʿas) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he did”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s action.
2. יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton.
3. כֵּ֔ן (ken) – Root: כן (k-n); Form: Adverb; Translation: “So”; Notes: Indicates that YHWH followed through with the stated action.
4. וַיָּבֹא֙ (vayyavo) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it came”; Notes: Describes the arrival of the swarm.
5. עָרֹ֣ב (ʿarov) – Root: ערב (ʿ-r-v); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Swarm of flies”; Notes: Refers to the plague of flies.
6. כָּבֵ֔ד (kaved) – Root: כבד (k-v-d); Form: Adjective, ms; Translation: “Heavy”; Notes: Describes the severity of the swarm.
7. בֵּ֥יתָה (beitah) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Noun, fs with directional suffix; Translation: “Into the house”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s palace.
8. פַרְעֹ֖ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptian king.
9. וּבֵ֣ית (u-beit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Noun, ms in construct state; Translation: “And into the house of”; Notes: Connects the servants’ houses to the swarm’s impact.
10. עֲבָדָ֑יו (ʿavadav) – Root: עבד (ʿ-b-d); Form: Noun, mp with 3ms suffix; Translation: “His servants”; Notes: Refers to the officials and attendants of Parʿo.
11. וּבְכָל־ (u-ve-khol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Conjunction + preposition; Translation: “And in all of”; Notes: Indicates the widespread impact of the swarm.
12. אֶ֧רֶץ (ʾeretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “The land of”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
13. מִצְרַ֛יִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Specifies the affected area.
14. תִּשָּׁחֵ֥ת (tisshachet) – Root: שחת (sh-ḥ-t); Form: Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3fs; Translation: “Was ruined”; Notes: Indicates severe damage or destruction.
15. הָאָ֖רֶץ (ha-ʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Noun, fs with definite article; Translation: “The land”; Notes: Emphasizes the extent of the plague.
16. מִפְּנֵ֥י (mipenei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition + construct noun; Translation: “Because of”; Notes: Indicates the cause of the land’s destruction.
17. הֶעָרֹֽב (he-ʿarov) – Root: ערב (ʿ-r-v); Form: Noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “The swarm of flies”; Notes: Reiterates the source of the affliction.