בֶּן־אָדָ֗ם שִׂ֤ים פָּנֶ֨יךָ֙ אֶל־יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְהַטֵּ֖ף אֶל־מִקְדָּשִׁ֑ים וְהִנָּבֵ֖א אֶל־אַדְמַ֥ת יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
“Son of man, set your face toward Yerushalayim, and prophesy against the sanctuaries, and prophesy toward the land of Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- בֶּן (ben) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “son of”; Notes: Construct form linking with “man.”
- אָדָם (ʾadam) – Root: אדם (ʾadam); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “man”; Notes: “Son of man” is Ezekiel’s prophetic designation.
- שִׂים (sim) – Root: שׂים (sim); Form: Qal imperative 2ms; Translation: “set”; Notes: Command to direct attention or resolve.
- פָּנֶיךָ (panekha) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun masculine plural (plural of respect) + 2ms suffix; Translation: “your face”; Notes: Symbolic of deliberate confrontation.
- אֶל (el) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “toward”; Notes: Indicates direction of prophetic action.
- יְרוּשָׁלִַם (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלם (Yerushalayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: Capital city, focal point of prophecy.
- וְהַטֵּף (ve-hattef) – Root: נטף (nataf); Form: Hiphil imperative 2ms; Translation: “and prophesy” (lit. “cause to drip”); Notes: Metaphorical for pouring forth prophetic speech.
- אֶל (el) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “against / toward”; Notes: Marks the object of prophetic denunciation.
- מִקְדָּשִׁים (mikdashim) – Root: קדשׁ (qadash); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “sanctuaries”; Notes: Refers to holy places, possibly altars or temple precincts.
- וְהִנָּבֵא (ve-hinnave) – Root: נבא (navaʾ); Form: Niphal imperative 2ms with prefixed vav; Translation: “and prophesy”; Notes: Further command to proclaim YHWH’s message.
- אֶל (el) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “toward”; Notes: Introduces the object of prophetic speech.
- אַדְמַת (admat) – Root: אדמה (ʾadamah); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “land of”; Notes: Personified as recipient of prophecy.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The nation and its territory addressed in judgment.