וְעָשִׂ֤יתִי בָם֙ נְקָמֹ֣ות גְּדֹלֹ֔ות בְּתֹוכְחֹ֖ות חֵמָ֑ה וְיָֽדְעוּ֙ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה בְּתִתִּ֥י אֶת־נִקְמָתִ֖י בָּֽם׃ ס
And I will execute great acts of vengeance upon them with furious rebukes, and they shall know that I am YHWH when I put my vengeance in them.”’”
Morphology
- וְעָשִׂיתִי (ve-ʿasiti) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular with prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and I will do/execute”; Notes: YHWH declares His own act of judgment.
- בָם (vam) – Root: ב (be) + הם (hem); Form: Preposition בְּ + third person masculine plural pronominal suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: The direct object of divine judgment.
- נְקָמֹות (neqamot) – Root: נקם (naqam); Form: Noun feminine plural absolute; Translation: “acts of vengeance”; Notes: Strong retributive justice.
- גְּדֹלֹות (gedolot) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Adjective feminine plural; Translation: “great”; Notes: Qualifies the magnitude of the vengeance.
- בְּתֹוכְחֹות (be-tokheḥot) – Root: יכח (yakhaḥ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “with rebukes”; Notes: Denotes severe correction or chastisement.
- חֵמָה (ḥemah) – Root: חמה (ḥemah); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “wrath/fury”; Notes: Adds intensity to the rebukes.
- וְיָדְעוּ (ve-yadʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “and they shall know”; Notes: Prophetic recognition formula.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces content clause.
- אֲנִי (ani) – Root: pronoun; Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphatic self-identification of YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: tetragrammaton; Form: Proper noun divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal God of Yisraʾel.
- בְּתִתִּי (be-titti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Preposition בְּ + Qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “when I put”; Notes: Marks the condition of their recognition.
- אֶת־נִקְמָתִי (ʾet-niqmati) – Root: נקם (naqam); Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my vengeance”; Notes: Directs ownership of vengeance to YHWH.
- בָּם (vam) – Root: ב (be) + הם (hem); Form: Preposition בְּ + third person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Repeated phrase highlighting target of divine justice.