וירא אליו יהוה באלני ממרא והוא ישב פתח האהל כחם היום׃
Gen 18:1 [Samaritan]
וירא אליו יהוה באלוני ממרא והוא ישב פתח האהל כחם היום׃
Gen 18:1 [Masoretic]
וַיֵּרָא אֵלָיו יְהוָה בְּאֵלֹנֵי מַמְרֵא וְהוּא יֹשֵׁב פֶּֽתַח־הָאֹהֶל כְּחֹם הַיֹּֽום׃
Gen 18:1 [Targum Onkelos]
וְאִיתְגְּלִי לֵיהּ יְיָ בְּמֵישְׁרֵי מַמְרֵא וְהוּא יָתֵיב בִּתְרַע מַשְׁכְּנָא כְּמֵיחַם יוֹמָא׃
Gen 18:1 [Peshitta]
ܘܐܬܓܠܝ ܥܠܘܗܝ ܡܪܝܐ ܒܝܬ ܒܠܘܛܐ ܕܡܡܪܐ ܘܗܼܘ ܝܬܿܒ ܒܬܪܥܐ ܕܡܫܟܢܐ܂ ܟܕ ܚܡ ܝܘܡܐ܂
וַיֵּרָ֤א אֵלָיו֙ יְהוָ֔ה בְּאֵלֹנֵ֖י מַמְרֵ֑א וְה֛וּא יֹשֵׁ֥ב פֶּֽתַח־הָאֹ֖הֶל כְּחֹ֥ם הַיֹּֽום׃
And YHWH appeared to him at the oaks of Mamre while he was sitting at the entrance of the tent during the heat of the day.
Morphology
- וַיֵּרָ֤א (vayeira) – Root: ראה (ra’ah); Form: Verb, Nifal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and appeared”; Notes: Describes the divine revelation to Avraham.
- אֵלָיו֙ (elav) – Root: אל (el); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Indicates direction towards Avraham.
- יְהוָ֔ה (Adonai) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to the Tetragrammaton.
- בְּאֵלֹנֵ֖י (be’Elonei) – Root: אֵלוֹן (Elon); Form: Preposition with plural noun, construct; Translation: “at the oaks of”; Notes: Refers to a specific location.
- מַמְרֵ֑א (Mamre) – Root: מַמְרֵא (Mamre); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mamre”; Notes: A place associated with Avraham.
- וְה֛וּא (vehu) – Root: הוּא (hu); Form: Pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “and he”; Notes: Refers to Avraham.
- יֹשֵׁ֥ב (yoshev) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Participle, Qal, masculine singular; Translation: “was sitting”; Notes: Indicates Avraham’s position at the time.
- פֶּֽתַח־ (petach-) – Root: פתח (petach); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “entrance of”; Notes: Refers to the doorway of the tent.
- הָאֹ֖הֶל (ha’ohel) – Root: אֹהֶל (ohel); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the tent”; Notes: The place where Avraham was sitting.
- כְּחֹ֥ם (kechom) – Root: חֹם (chom); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “during the heat of”; Notes: Refers to the intensity of the midday.
- הַיֹּֽום (hayom) – Root: יֹום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the day”; Notes: Completes the temporal reference.