ויאמר אל תשלח ידך אל הנער ואל תעש לו מאומה כי עתה ידעתי כי ירא אלהים אתה ולא חשכת את בנך את יחידך ממני׃
Gen 22:12 [Samaritan]
ויאמר אל תשלח ידך על הנער ואל תעשה לו מאומה כי עתה ידעתי כי ירא אלהים אתה ולא חשכת את בנך את יחידך ממני׃
* יחידך v.l. יחידאך
Gen 22:12 [Masoretic]
וַיֹּאמֶר אַל־תִּשְׁלַח יָֽדְךָ אֶל־הַנַּעַר וְאַל־תַּעַשׂ לֹו מְאוּמָּה כִּי ׀ עַתָּה יָדַעְתִּי כִּֽי־יְרֵא אֱלֹהִים אַתָּה וְלֹא חָשַׂכְתָּ אֶת־בִּנְךָ אֶת־יְחִידְךָ מִמֶּֽנִּי׃
Gen 22:12 [Targum Onkelos]
וְאָמַר לָא תוֹשִׁיט יְדָךְ לְעוּלֵימָא וְלָא תַעַבֵּיד לֵיהּ מִדָּעַם אֲרֵי כְעַן יְדַעִית אֲרֵי דַחֲלָא דַיְיָ אַתְּ וְלָא מְנַעְתָּא יַת בְּרַךְ יַת יְחִידָךְ מִנִּי׃
Gen 22:12 [Peshitta]
ܘܐܡܼܪ ܠܗ܂ ܠܐ ܬܘܫܛ ܐܝܕܟ ܥܠ ܛܠܝܐ܂ ܘܠܐ ܬܥܒܕ ܠܗ ܡܕܡ܂ ܡܛܠ ܕܗܫܐ ܐܘܕܥܼܬ ܕܕܚܠܗ ܐܢܬ ܕܐܠܗܐ܂ ܕܠܐ ܚܣܟܼܬ ܠܒܪܟ ܠܐܝܚܝܕܟ ܡܢܝ܂
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַל־תִּשְׁלַ֤ח יָֽדְךָ֙ אֶל־הַנַּ֔עַר וְאַל־תַּ֥עַשׂ לֹ֖ו מְא֑וּמָּה כִּ֣י עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּֽי־יְרֵ֤א אֱלֹהִים֙ אַ֔תָּה וְלֹ֥א חָשַׂ֛כְתָּ אֶת־בִּנְךָ֥ אֶת־יְחִידְךָ֖ מִמֶּֽנִּי׃
And he said, “Do not stretch out your hand against the boy, nor do anything to him, for now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your only one, from Me.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֗אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (‘-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Refers to the angel speaking to Avraham.
- אַל־תִּשְׁלַ֤ח (ʾal-tishlaḥ) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms with negative particle; Translation: “Do not stretch out”; Notes: A prohibition directed at Avraham.
- יָֽדְךָ֙ (yadkha) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 2ms suffix; Translation: “your hand”; Notes: Specifies the action Avraham is to refrain from.
- אֶל־הַנַּ֔עַר (el-hannaʿar) – Root: נער (n-ʿ-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition; Translation: “against the boy”; Notes: Refers to Yitsḥaq.
- וְאַל־תַּ֥עַשׂ (veʾal-taʿas) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms with negative particle; Translation: “nor do”; Notes: A further prohibition against harming Yitsḥaq.
- לֹ֖ו (lo) – Root: אל (‘-l); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to Yitsḥaq.
- מְא֑וּמָּה (meʾummah) – Root: אם (‘-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “anything”; Notes: Indicates prohibition of any harm.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the command.
- עַתָּ֣ה (ʿattah) – Root: עתה (ʿ-t-h); Form: Adverb; Translation: “now”; Notes: Indicates the present realization.
- יָדַ֗עְתִּי (yadaʿti) – Root: ידע (y-d-ʿ); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “I know”; Notes: Refers to God’s acknowledgment of Avraham’s obedience.
- כִּֽי־יְרֵ֤א אֱלֹהִים֙ (ki-yerei Elohim) – Root: ירא (y-r-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine singular; Translation: “that you fear God”; Notes: Indicates reverence and obedience to God.
- אַ֔תָּה (attah) – Form: Pronoun, 2ms; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphasizes Avraham personally.
- וְלֹ֥א חָשַׂ֛כְתָּ (velo ḥasakhta) – Root: חשׂך (ḥ-s-kh); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2ms; Translation: “and you have not withheld”; Notes: Refers to Avraham’s willingness to offer Yitsḥaq.
- אֶת־בִּנְךָ֥ (et-binkha) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2ms suffix and direct object marker; Translation: “your son”; Notes: Refers to Yitsḥaq.
- אֶת־יְחִידְךָ֖ (et-yeḥidkha) – Root: יחד (y-ḥ-d); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2ms suffix and direct object marker; Translation: “your only one”; Notes: Emphasizes Yitsḥaq’s unique and precious status.
- מִמֶּֽנִּי (mimmmeni) – Root: מן (m-n); Form: Preposition with 1cs suffix; Translation: “from Me”; Notes: Indicates God’s acknowledgment of Avraham’s offering to Him.