וְאֵ֗לֶּה שְׁמֹות֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׁמָעֵ֔אל בִּשְׁמֹתָ֖ם לְתֹולְדֹתָ֑ם בְּכֹ֤ר יִשְׁמָעֵאל֙ נְבָיֹ֔ת וְקֵדָ֥ר וְאַדְבְּאֵ֖ל וּמִבְשָֽׂם׃
And these are the names of the sons of Yishma’el, by their names, according to their generations: the firstborn of Yishma’el, Nevayot; and Qedar, and Adbe’el, and Mivsam.
Morphology
- וְאֵלֶּה (ve-ʾēlleh) — Root: אלה; Form: Conjunction + demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “And these”; Notes: Introduces a genealogical list.
- שְׁמֹות (shemōt) — Root: שם; Form: Noun masculine plural absolute; Translation: “names”; Notes: Refers to individuals identified in the genealogy.
- בְּנֵי (bənê) — Root: בן; Form: Construct noun masculine plural; Translation: “sons of”; Notes: Marks descent and lineage.
- יִשְׁמָעֵאל (Yishmaʿel) — Root: שׁמע + אל; Form: Proper noun masculine; Translation: “Yishmaʿel”; Notes: Son of Avraham and Hagar, ancestor of Ishmaelites.
- בִּשְׁמֹתָם (bishmōtām) — Root: שם; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “by their names”; Notes: Indicates identification by personal names.
- לְתֹולְדֹתָם (le-toldotām) — Root: ילד; Form: Preposition + noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “according to their generations”; Notes: Refers to genealogical order.
- בְּכֹר (bekhōr) — Root: בכר; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “firstborn”; Notes: Designates birth order priority.
- יִשְׁמָעֵאל (Yishmaʿel) — Root: שׁמע + אל; Form: Proper noun masculine; Translation: “Yishmaʿel”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes descent.
- נְבָיֹת (Nəvayot) — Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine proper noun; Translation: “Nevayot”; Notes: Eldest son of Yishmaʿel, ancestor of a tribe.
- וְקֵדָר (ve-Qēdar) — Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine proper noun; Translation: “Qedar”; Notes: Second son of Yishmaʿel, linked to Arabian tribes.
- וְאַדְבְּאֵל (ve-ʾAdbəʾēl) — Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine proper noun; Translation: “Adbeʾel”; Notes: One of Yishmaʿel’s sons.
- וּמִבְשָׂם (u-Mivsam) — Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine proper noun; Translation: “Mivsam”; Notes: Another son of Yishmaʿel, part of the genealogical list.