Genesis 26:21

וַֽיַּחְפְּרוּ֙ בְּאֵ֣ר אַחֶ֔רֶת וַיָּרִ֖יבוּ גַּם־עָלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמָ֖הּ שִׂטְנָֽה׃

And they dug another well, and they quarreled over it also, so he named it Sitna.

Morphology

1. וַֽיַּחְפְּרוּ֙ (vayyaḥpəru) – Root: חפר (ḥ-p-r); Form: Wayyiqtol (preterite), 3mp; Translation: “And they dug”; Notes: Refers to the act of digging another well.
2. בְּאֵ֣ר (bəʾer) – Root: באר (b-ʾ-r); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “A well”; Notes: Indicates the object of the action.
3. אַחֶ֔רֶת (aḥeret) – Root: אחר (ʾ-ḥ-r); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “Another”; Notes: Describes a new well distinct from the previous one.
4. וַיָּרִ֖יבוּ (vayyarivu) – Root: ריב (r-y-v); Form: Wayyiqtol (preterite), 3mp; Translation: “And they quarreled”; Notes: Continues the theme of disputes over wells.
5. גַּם־עָלֶ֑יהָ (gam-ʿaleha) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Adverb + preposition with 3fs suffix; Translation: “Over it also”; Notes: Emphasizes the repetition of contention.
6. וַיִּקְרָ֥א (vayyiqra) – Root: קרא (q-r-ʾ); Form: Wayyiqtol (preterite), 3ms; Translation: “And he named”; Notes: Refers to the naming of the well.
7. שְׁמָ֖הּ (shəmah) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3fs suffix; Translation: “Its name”; Notes: Refers to the well’s designation.
8. שִׂטְנָֽה (Sitnah) – Root: שׂטן (ś-ṭ-n); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Sitnah”; Notes: The name of the well, meaning “hostility” or “opposition.”

Morphological Analysis 

1. וַֽיַּחְפְּרוּ֙ (vayyaḥpərū) – Root: חפר, Form: Wayyiqtol (3mp, sequential past tense), Translation: “and they dug”

Contextual notes: Indicates a repeated action of digging wells.

2. בְּאֵ֣ר (bəʾēr) – Root: באר, Form: Noun, Translation: “a well”

Parsing details: Feminine singular.

3. אַחֶ֔רֶת (ʾaḥeret) – Root: אחר, Form: Adjective (feminine singular), Translation: “another”

4. וַיָּרִ֖יבוּ (vayyārīvu) – Root: ריב, Form: Wayyiqtol (3mp, sequential past tense), Translation: “and they quarreled”

Usage notes: Indicates contention or dispute.

5. גַּם־ (‘am-) – Root: גם, Form: Adverb, Translation: “also”

6. עָלֶ֑יהָ (‘āleyhā) – Root: על, Form: Preposition with pronominal suffix (3fs), Translation: “over it”

7. וַיִּקְרָ֥א (vayyiqrā) – Root: קרא, Form: Wayyiqtol (3ms, sequential past tense), Translation: “and he called”

8. שְׁמָ֖הּ (šəmāh) – Root: שם, Form: Noun with pronominal suffix (3fs), Translation: “its name”

9. שִׂטְנָֽה (śiṭnāh) – Root: שטן, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Sitnah”

Usage notes: The name implies “hostility” or “enmity.”