וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד יִצְחָ֣ק חֲרָדָה֮ גְּדֹלָ֣ה עַד־מְאֹד֒ וַיֹּ֡אמֶר מִֽי־אֵפֹ֡וא ה֣וּא הַצָּֽד־צַיִד֩ וַיָּ֨בֵא לִ֜י וָאֹכַ֥ל מִכֹּ֛ל בְּטֶ֥רֶם תָּבֹ֖וא וָאֲבָרֲכֵ֑הוּ גַּם־בָּר֖וּךְ יִהְיֶֽה׃
And Yitsḥaq trembled with a great trembling exceedingly, and he said, “Who then is the one who hunted game and brought it to me, and I ate of all before you came, and I blessed him? Indeed, he shall be blessed!”
Morphology
- וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד (vayeḥerad) – Root: חרד (ḥ-r-d); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he trembled”; Notes: Indicates intense fear or shock.
- יִצְחָ֣ק (Yitsḥaq) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yitsḥaq”; Notes: Name of the patriarch.
- חֲרָדָה֮ (ḥarada) – Root: חרד (ḥ-r-d); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Trembling”; Notes: Describes the intensity of his reaction.
- גְּדֹלָ֣ה (gedolah) – Root: גדל (g-d-l); Form: Adjective, fs; Translation: “Great”; Notes: Emphasizes the magnitude of the trembling.
- עַד־מְאֹד֒ (ʿad-meʾod) – Root: עד (ʿ-d) + מאד (m-ʾ-d); Form: Preposition + noun/adverb; Translation: “Exceedingly”; Notes: Enhances the intensity of the trembling.
- וַיֹּ֡אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Yitsḥaq’s speech.
- מִֽי־אֵפֹ֡וא (mi-eifo) – Root: N/A; Form: Interrogative pronoun + particle; Translation: “Who then”; Notes: Begins a question with an emphatic tone.
- ה֣וּא (hu) – Root: N/A; Form: Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “Is he”; Notes: Refers to an unidentified person.
- הַצָּֽד־צַיִד֩ (hatsad-tsayid) – Root: צוד (ṣ-w-d); Form: Participle + noun, ms; Translation: “Who hunted game”; Notes: Specifies the activity of hunting.
- וַיָּ֨בֵא (vayave) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Verb, Hiphil, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he brought”; Notes: Describes the action of bringing the game.
- לִ֜י (li) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 1cs suffix; Translation: “To me”; Notes: Marks the recipient of the action.
- וָאֹכַ֥ל (vaʾokhal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 1cs with vav consecutive; Translation: “And I ate”; Notes: Indicates completed action before the arrival.
- מִכֹּ֛ל (mikkol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Preposition + noun, ms; Translation: “Of all”; Notes: Refers to the completeness of the meal.
- בְּטֶ֥רֶם (beterem) – Root: טרם (ṭ-r-m); Form: Preposition; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates temporal precedence.
- תָּבֹ֖וא (tavo) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “You came”; Notes: Refers to ʿEsav’s delayed arrival.
- וָאֲבָרֲכֵ֑הוּ (vaʾavarekhehu) – Root: ברך (b-r-k); Form: Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 1cs with vav consecutive and 3ms suffix; Translation: “And I blessed him”; Notes: Emphasizes the irrevocable act of blessing.
- גַּם־בָּר֖וּךְ (gam-barukh) – Root: ברך (b-r-k); Form: Adjective, ms; Translation: “Indeed, blessed”; Notes: Stresses the permanence of the blessing.
- יִהְיֶֽה (yihyeh) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “He shall be”; Notes: Affirms the enduring nature of the blessing.