וַיַּ֨עַן יִצְחָ֜ק וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְעֵשָׂ֗ו הֵ֣ן גְּבִ֞יר שַׂמְתִּ֥יו לָךְ֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־אֶחָ֗יו נָתַ֤תִּי לֹו֙ לַעֲבָדִ֔ים וְדָגָ֥ן וְתִירֹ֖שׁ סְמַכְתִּ֑יו וּלְכָ֣ה אֵפֹ֔וא מָ֥ה אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֖ה בְּנִֽי׃
Then Yitsḥaq answered and said to ʿEsav, “Behold, I have made him your lord, and all his brothers I have given to him as servants, and I have sustained him with grain and wine. Now, what can I do for you, my son?”
Morphology
- וַיַּ֨עַן (vayyaʿan) – Root: ענה (ʿ-n-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “Then he answered”; Notes: Marks the beginning of Yitsḥaq’s response.
- יִצְחָ֜ק (Yitsḥaq) – Root: צחק (ṣ-ḥ-q); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yitsḥaq”; Notes: Name of the patriarch.
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Indicates direct speech.
- לְעֵשָׂ֗ו (leʿesav) – Root: עשׂו (ʿ-s-v); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “To Esav”; Notes: Directs the statement to Esav.
- הֵ֣ן (hen) – Root: N/A; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Expresses emphasis.
- גְּבִ֞יר (gevīr) – Root: גבר (g-v-r); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Indicates superiority or mastery.
- שַׂמְתִּ֥יו (samtiv) – Root: שׂים (ś-y-m); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs with 3ms suffix; Translation: “I have made him”; Notes: Refers to granting Yaʿaqov a higher status.
- לָךְ֙ (lakh) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Indicates Esav as the subject.
- וְאֶת־כָּל־אֶחָ֗יו (veʾet-kol-eḥav) – Root: אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Direct object marker + noun, mp with 3ms suffix; Translation: “And all his brothers”; Notes: Refers to Yaʿaqov’s brothers, including Esav.
- נָתַ֤תִּי (natati) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “I have given”; Notes: Indicates an irrevocable action.
- לֹו֙ (lo) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “To him”; Notes: Refers to Yaʿaqov.
- לַעֲבָדִ֔ים (laʿavadim) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Noun, mp with preposition; Translation: “As servants”; Notes: Indicates subjugation.
- וְדָגָ֥ן (vedagan) – Root: דגן (d-g-n); Form: Noun, ms with conjunction; Translation: “And grain”; Notes: Symbolizes sustenance.
- וְתִירֹ֖שׁ (vetirosh) – Root: תירש (t-y-r-sh); Form: Noun, ms with conjunction; Translation: “And wine”; Notes: Represents prosperity.
- סְמַכְתִּ֑יו (semakhtiv) – Root: סמך (s-m-k); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs with 3ms suffix; Translation: “I have sustained him”; Notes: Denotes support or provision.
- וּלְכָ֣ה (ulekha) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “And now to you”; Notes: Directs attention to Esav.
- אֵפֹ֔וא (efo) – Root: N/A; Form: Adverb; Translation: “Then”; Notes: Indicates consequence.
- מָ֥ה (mah) – Root: N/A; Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “What”; Notes: Begins a question.
- אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֖ה (eʿeseh) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 1cs; Translation: “Can I do”; Notes: Indicates Yitsḥaq’s limitation.
- בְּנִֽי (beni) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Noun, ms with 1cs suffix; Translation: “My son”; Notes: An address to Esav.