וַיַּ֨רְא אֹתָ֜הּ שְׁכֶ֧ם בֶּן־חֲמֹ֛ור הַֽחִוִּ֖י נְשִׂ֣יא הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיִּקַּ֥ח אֹתָ֛הּ וַיִּשְׁכַּ֥ב אֹתָ֖הּ וַיְעַנֶּֽהָ׃
And Shekhem, the son of Ḥamor the Ḥiwwi, the prince of the land, saw her, and he took her, and he lay with her, and he defiled her.
Morphology
- וַיַּרְא (va-yarʾ) — Root: ראה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he saw”; Notes: Sequential action marking the beginning of Shekhem’s encounter.
- אֹתָהּ (ʾotāh) — Root: את; Form: Direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular pronominal suffix; Translation: “her”; Notes: Refers back to Dinah.
- שְׁכֶם (Shekhem) — Root: שכם; Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shekhem”; Notes: Name of the man, also the name of the city later associated with him.
- בֶּן־חֲמֹור (ben-Ḥamōr) — Root: בן; Form: Construct noun “son of” + proper noun; Translation: “son of Ḥamor”; Notes: Construct phrase indicating paternal lineage.
- הַחִוִּי (ha-Ḥivvī) — Root: חוי; Form: Definite gentilic noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the Ḥivvite”; Notes: Identifies Shekhem’s ethnic group.
- נְשִׂיא (nesīʾ) — Root: נשא; Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “prince”; Notes: Denotes a leader or chief.
- הָאָרֶץ (hāʾārets) — Root: ארץ; Form: Definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the local region under his authority.
- וַיִּקַּח (va-yiqqaḥ) — Root: לקח; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he took”; Notes: Suggests forceful action; the doubled ק reflects gemination in the form.
- אֹתָהּ (ʾotāh) — Root: את; Form: Direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her”; Notes: Marks Dinah as the object of Shekhem’s action.
- וַיִּשְׁכַּב (va-yishkav) — Root: שכב; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he lay [with her]”; Notes: Common euphemism for sexual relations.
- אֹתָהּ (ʾotāh) — Root: את; Form: Direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis of the victim as the object.
- וַיְעַנֶּהָ (va-yeʿannéhā) — Root: ענה; Form: Piel wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “And he humbled her”; Notes: Piel intensifies the verb; here denotes sexual violation and humiliation.