וּבְנֵ֨י יַעֲקֹ֜ב בָּ֤אוּ מִן־הַשָּׂדֶה֙ כְּשָׁמְעָ֔ם וַיִּֽתְעַצְּבוּ֙ הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַיִּ֥חַר לָהֶ֖ם מְאֹ֑ד כִּֽי־נְבָלָ֞ה עָשָׂ֣ה בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־בַּֽת־יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְכֵ֖ן לֹ֥א יֵעָשֶֽׂה׃
And the sons of Yaʿaqov came from the field when they heard, and the men were distressed, and they were very angry, because a disgrace had been committed in Yisraʾel by lying with the daughter of Yaʿaqov, and such a thing is not to be done.
Morphology
- וּבְנֵ֨י (u-venéi) – Root: בן (ben); Form: noun, mp construct; Translation: “and the sons of”
- יַעֲקֹ֜ב (Yaʿaqov) – Proper noun; Translation: “Yaʿaqov”
- בָּ֤אוּ (baʾu) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal, perfect, 3mp; Translation: “came”
- מִן־הַשָּׂדֶה֙ (min-ha-sadeh) – Root: שדה (sadeh); Form: noun, ms with prefix; Translation: “from the field”
- כְּשָׁמְעָ֔ם (ke-shamʿam) – Root: שמע (shama); Form: noun with prefix and 3mp suffix; Translation: “when they heard”
- וַיִּֽתְעַצְּבוּ֙ (va-yitʿatzevu) – Root: עצב (atzav); Form: Hitpael, imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “they were distressed”
- הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים (ha-anašim) – Root: אישׁ (ish); Form: noun, mp with definite article; Translation: “the men”
- וַיִּ֥חַר (va-yihar) – Root: חרה (hara); Form: Qal, imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and it was kindled” (referring to anger)
- לָהֶ֖ם (lahem) – Preposition with 3mp suffix; Translation: “for them”
- מְאֹ֑ד (meʾod) – Adverb; Translation: “very”
- כִּֽי־נְבָלָ֞ה (ki-nevalah) – Root: נבל (naval); Form: noun, fs; Translation: “because a disgrace”
- עָשָׂ֣ה (asah) – Root: עשה (asah); Form: Qal, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “was committed”
- בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (be-Yisraʾel) – Proper noun; Translation: “in Yisraʾel”
- לִשְׁכַּב֙ (lishkav) – Root: שכב (shakav); Form: infinitive construct; Translation: “to lie with”
- אֶת־בַּֽת־יַעֲקֹ֔ב (et-bat-Yaʿaqov) – Root: בת (bat); Form: noun in construct; Translation: “the daughter of Yaʿaqov”
- וְכֵ֖ן (ve-ken) – Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “and such”
- לֹ֥א יֵעָשֶֽׂה (lo yeʿaseh) – Root: עשה (asah); Form: Nifal, imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “is not to be done”