Genesis 4:6

ויאמר יהוה אל קין למה חרה לך ולמה נפלו פניך׃

Gen 4:6 [Samaritan]
ויאמר יהוה אל קין למה חרה לך ולמה נפלו פניך׃

Gen 4:6 [Masoretic]
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־קָיִן לָמָּה חָרָה לָךְ וְלָמָּה נָפְלוּ פָנֶֽיךָ׃
And YHWH said to Qayin, “Why are you angry? And why is your face downcast?

Gen 4:6 [Targum Onkelos]
וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְקָיִן לְמָא תְּקוֹף לָךְ וּלְמָא אִיתְכְּבִישׁוּ אַפָּךְ:
And Y^eY^a said to Qayin, “Why are you angry? And why is your face downcast?

Gen 4:6 [Samaritan Targum]
ואמר יהוה לקין למה אתקף לך ולמה נפלו אפיך:
.

Gen 4:6 [Peshitta]
ܘܐܡܼܪ ܡܪܝܐ ܠܩܐܝܢ܂ ܠܡܢܐ ܐܬܒܐܫ ܠܟ܂ ܘܠܡܢܐ ܐܬܟܡܪ ܐ̈ܦܝܟ܂
And MarYA said to Qayin, “Why are you sad? And why is your face gloomy?”

Gen 4:6 [Septuagint]
Καὶ εἶπεν Kύριος ὁ Θεὸς τῷ Κάιν· Ἵνα τί περίλυπος ἐγένου, καὶ ἵνα τί συνέπεσεν τὸ πρόσωπόν σου;
And the LORD God said to Kain, “Why should you become very sorrowful? And why is your face downcast?

Gen 4:6 [Old Latin (Vetus Latina)]
Et dixit Dominus Deus ad Cain : Quare tristis factus es et quare concidit vultus tuus
And the LORD said to Cain, “Why are you sad? And why is your countenance fallen?

Gen 4:6 [Vulgate]
Dixitque Dominus ad eum : Quare iratus es et cur concidit facies tua
And the LORD said to him, “Why are you angry? And why is your face downcast?

* v.l. iratus : maestus (grieving)

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־קָ֑יִן לָ֚מָּה חָ֣רָה לָ֔ךְ וְלָ֖מָּה נָפְל֥וּ פָנֶֽיךָ׃

And YHWH said to Qayin, “Why are you angry, and why has your face fallen?

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֥אמֶר (wayyōmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past), third masculine singular; Translation: “And said”; Notes: Marks the LORD’s response or question to Qayin.
2. יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (Y-H-W-H); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to the divine name.
3. אֶל־קָ֑יִן (ʾel-qāyin) – Root: קין (q-y-n); Form: Preposition אֶל + proper noun; Translation: “to Qayin”; Notes: Indicates the direct recipient of the LORD’s words.
4. לָ֚מָּה (lāmmāh) – Root: מה (m-h); Form: Interrogative particle with preposition לְ; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces the first question about Qayin’s anger.
5. חָ֣רָה (ḥārāh) – Root: חרה (ḥ-r-h); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine singular; Translation: “are you angry”; Notes: Refers to Qayin’s emotional state.
6. לָ֔ךְ (lāḵ) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition לְ + second masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Clarifies the subject of the anger.
7. וְלָ֖מָּה (wĕlāmmāh) – Root: מה (m-h); Form: Conjunction וְ + interrogative particle with preposition לְ; Translation: “and why”; Notes: Introduces the second question about Qayin’s dejection.
8. נָפְל֥וּ (nāfĕlū) – Root: נפל (n-p-l); Form: Qal perfect, third masculine plural; Translation: “has fallen”; Notes: Refers to the change in Qayin’s demeanor.
9. פָנֶֽיךָ (pāneḵā) – Root: פנים (p-n-y); Form: Noun, plural masculine with second masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your face”; Notes: Indicates Qayin’s physical expression of his inner emotions.