וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֶל־אֶחָיו֙ הוּשַׁ֣ב כַּסְפִּ֔י וְגַ֖ם הִנֵּ֣ה בְאַמְתַּחְתִּ֑י וַיֵּצֵ֣א לִבָּ֗ם וַיֶּֽחֶרְד֞וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַה־זֹּ֛את עָשָׂ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים לָֽנוּ׃
And he said to his brothers, “My money has been returned, and also behold, it is in my sack.” And their hearts sank, and they trembled, each man to his brother, saying, “What is this that God has done to us?”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אָמַר (amar); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Indicates the action of speaking, performed by one of the brothers.
- אֶל־אֶחָיו֙ (el-eḥav) – Root: אָח (aḥ); Form: Preposition “to” + Noun, mp with 3ms suffix; Translation: “to his brothers”; Notes: Refers to Yosef’s siblings.
- הוּשַׁ֣ב (hushav) – Root: שׁוּב (shuv); Form: Verb, Hophal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “has been returned”; Notes: Denotes a passive action, indicating the money’s return.
- כַּסְפִּ֔י (kaspi) – Root: כֶּסֶף (kesef); Form: Noun, ms with 1cs suffix; Translation: “my money”; Notes: Refers to the silver belonging to the speaker.
- וְגַ֖ם (vegam) – Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and also”; Notes: Emphasizes an additional point.
- הִנֵּ֣ה (hinneh) – Form: Interjection; Translation: “behold”; Notes: Used to draw attention to the discovery.
- בְאַמְתַּחְתִּ֑י (be’amtaḥti) – Root: אַמְתַּחַת (amtaḥat); Form: Noun, fs with 1cs suffix; Translation: “in my sack”; Notes: Refers to the sack where the money was found.
- וַיֵּצֵ֣א (vayetze) – Root: יָצָא (yatza); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and it went out”; Notes: Indicates a reaction or emotional response.
- לִבָּ֗ם (libbam) – Root: לֵב (lev); Form: Noun, ms with 3mp suffix; Translation: “their heart”; Notes: Refers to the collective inner feeling of the brothers.
- וַיֶּֽחֶרְד֞וּ (vayeḥerdu) – Root: חָרַד (ḥarad); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “and they trembled”; Notes: Describes the fear reaction of the brothers.
- אִ֤ישׁ (ish) – Root: אִישׁ (ish); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Refers to each brother individually.
- אֶל־אָחִיו֙ (el-aḥiv) – Root: אָח (aḥ); Form: Preposition “to” + Noun, ms with 3ms suffix; Translation: “to his brother”; Notes: Indicates the communication between each brother.
- לֵאמֹ֔ר (le’mor) – Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces the speech.
- מַה־זֹּ֛את (mah-zot) – Form: Interrogative “what” + demonstrative; Translation: “What is this”; Notes: Expresses their astonishment.
- עָשָׂ֥ה (asah) – Root: עָשָׂה (asah); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “has done”; Notes: Refers to the perceived action of God.
- אֱלֹהִ֖ים (Elohim) – Root: אֱלֹהִים (Elohim); Form: Noun, mp; Translation: “God”; Notes: Refers to God as the doer of this perceived act.
- לָֽנוּ (lanu) – Form: Preposition with 1cp suffix; Translation: “to us”; Notes: Indicates the object affected by God’s perceived action.