וַיַּ֡רְא יֹושֵׁב֩ הָאָ֨רֶץ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֜י אֶת־הָאֵ֗בֶל בְּגֹ֨רֶן֙ הָֽאָטָ֔ד וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ אֵֽבֶל־כָּבֵ֥ד זֶ֖ה לְמִצְרָ֑יִם עַל־כֵּ֞ן קָרָ֤א שְׁמָהּ֙ אָבֵ֣ל מִצְרַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּעֵ֥בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃
And the inhabitants of the land, the Kenaʿani, saw the mourning at the threshing floor of Atad, and they said, “This is a grievous mourning for Miṣrayim.” Therefore, its name was called Abel Miṣrayim, which is beyond the Yarden.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֡רְא (vayyarʾ) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Verb, Qal, Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect), 3ms; Translation: “and he saw”; Notes: Describes the observation by the Kenaʿani.
- יֹושֵׁב֩ (yoshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Participle, Qal, masculine singular; Translation: “inhabitant”; Notes: Refers to the dwellers of the land.
- הָאָ֨רֶץ (haʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “of the land”; Notes: Specifies the location being referred to.
- הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֜י (hakkenaʿani) – Root: כנען (knaʿan); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the Kenaʿani”; Notes: Refers to the people of Kenaʿan.
- אֶת־הָאֵ֗בֶל (ʾet-haʾevel) – Root: אבל (ʾavel); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the mourning”; Notes: Describes the lamentation observed.
- בְּגֹ֨רֶן֙ (begoren) – Root: גורן (goren); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “at the threshing floor”; Notes: Indicates the specific location of the mourning.
- הָֽאָטָ֔ד (haʾatad) – Root: אטד (ʾatad); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “of Atad”; Notes: Refers to a named threshing floor.
- וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ (vayyomru) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Verb, Qal, Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect), 3mp; Translation: “and they said”; Notes: Indicates a collective statement.
- אֵֽבֶל־ (ʾevel) – Root: אבל (ʾavel); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “mourning of”; Notes: Connects to “grievous.”
- כָּבֵ֥ד (kaved) – Root: כבד (kaved); Form: Adjective, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “grievous”; Notes: Emphasizes the intensity of the mourning.
- זֶ֖ה (zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to the specific lamentation.
- לְמִצְרָ֑יִם (lemitzrayim) – Root: מצרים (mitzrayim); Form: Noun, masculine dual with preposition; Translation: “for Mitsrayim”; Notes: Indicates the association of mourning with Mitsrayim.
- עַל־כֵּ֞ן (ʿal-ken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverbial phrase; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the naming.
- קָרָ֤א (kara) – Root: קרא (kara); Form: Verb, Qal, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “he called”; Notes: Indicates the naming of the location.
- שְׁמָהּ֙ (shmah) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3fs suffix; Translation: “its name”; Notes: Refers to the name of the location.
- אָבֵ֣ל מִצְרַ֔יִם (ʾavel mitzrayim) – Root: אבל (ʾavel) and מצרים (mitzrayim); Form: Noun construct phrase; Translation: “Abel Mitsrayim”; Notes: The name given to the place.
- אֲשֶׁ֖ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Connects to the location description.
- בְּעֵ֥בֶר (beʿeber) – Root: עבר (ʿeber); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “beyond”; Notes: Indicates a directional position.
- הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃ (hayarden) – Root: ירדן (yarden); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the Jordan”; Notes: Refers to the well-known river, marking the location of the mourning.