Isaiah 5:9

בְּאָזְנָ֖י יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאֹ֑ות אִם־לֹ֞א בָּתִּ֤ים רַבִּים֙ לְשַׁמָּ֣ה יִֽהְי֔וּ גְּדֹלִ֥ים וְטֹובִ֖ים מֵאֵ֥ין יֹושֵֽׁב׃

In my ears, YHWH of Hosts, “Surely many houses shall be desolate, great and good ones, without inhabitant.

Morphology

1. בְּאָזְנָי (be-oznai) – Root: אֹזֶן (ʾozen); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine plural with 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “In my ears”; Notes: Expression of direct divine revelation or solemn proclamation.
2. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: —; Form: Proper name of the God of Yisraʾel; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
3. צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא (tsava); Form: Noun feminine plural in construct; Translation: “of Hosts”; Notes: Describes YHWH as commander of heavenly armies.
4. אִם־לֹא (im-lo) – Root: אם (im), לא (lo); Form: Conditional particle + negative particle; Translation: “surely” or “truly”; Notes: Hebraic oath formula expressing certainty (“If not…” = “Surely…”).
5. בָּתִּים (batim) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “houses”; Notes: Subject of the prophetic judgment.
6. רַבִּים (rabbim) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “many”; Notes: Modifies “houses.”
7. לְשַׁמָּה (le-shammah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “for desolation”; Notes: Indicates intended outcome—utter abandonment.
8. יִהְיוּ (yihyu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Future result of judgment.
9. גְּדֹלִים (gedolim) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “great”; Notes: Describes the size of the houses.
10. וְטֹובִים (ve-tovim) – Root: טוב (tov); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “and good”; Notes: Describes their pleasantness or luxury.
11. מֵאֵין (me-ein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Form: Preposition + negative existential; Translation: “without”; Notes: Indicates absence of a subject (i.e., people).
12. יֹושֵׁב (yoshev) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “inhabitant”; Notes: No one remains to dwell in them.