הֹ֗וי מַגִּיעֵ֥י בַ֨יִת֙ בְּבַ֔יִת שָׂדֶ֥ה בְשָׂדֶ֖ה יַקְרִ֑יבוּ עַ֚ד אֶ֣פֶס מָקֹ֔ום וְהֽוּשַׁבְתֶּ֥ם לְבַדְּכֶ֖ם בְּקֶ֥רֶב הָאָֽרֶץ׃
Woe to those who join house to house, who bring field near to field, until there is no space left, and you are made to dwell alone in the midst of the land.
Morphology
- הֹוי (hoy) – Root: הוי (hoy); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Woe”; Notes: Prophetic cry of lament or denunciation.
- מַגִּיעֵי (maggiʿei) – Root: נגע (nagaʿ); Form: Hifil participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “who join” or “bring near”; Notes: Refers to those forcing consolidation of property.
- בַיִת (bayit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “house”; Notes: Symbol of private property or residence.
- בְּבַיִת (be-vayit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “to house”; Notes: Expresses the accumulation of dwellings.
- שָׂדֶה (sadeh) – Root: שׂדה (sadeh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “field”; Notes: Agricultural land.
- בְשָׂדֶה (be-sadeh) – Root: שׂדה (sadeh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “to field”; Notes: Paired with the previous noun to emphasize expansion.
- יַקְרִיבוּ (yaqrivu) – Root: קרב (qarav); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they bring near”; Notes: Indicates causative action, merging boundaries.
- עַד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Indicates a limit or goal.
- אֶפֶס (efes) – Root: אפס (efes); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “there is no” or “none”; Notes: Expresses total absence.
- מָקֹום (maqom) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “place”; Notes: Refers to space or room.
- וְהוּשַׁבְתֶּם (ve-hushavtem) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Hofal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you are made to dwell”; Notes: Passive causative form, implying forced or solitary habitation.
- לְבַדְּכֶם (levaddekhem) – Root: בדד (vadad); Form: Adverb + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “alone”; Notes: Emphasizes isolation or monopolization.
- בְּקֶרֶב (be-qerev) – Root: קרב (qerev); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the midst of”; Notes: Common spatial expression.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-ʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Yisraʾel or Eretz YHWH.