כִּ֗י עֲשֶׂ֨רֶת֙ צִמְדֵּי־כֶ֔רֶם יַעֲשׂ֖וּ בַּ֣ת אֶחָ֑ת וְזֶ֥רַע חֹ֖מֶר יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֵיפָֽה׃ פ
For ten yoke of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of a ḥomer shall yield an efa.”
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces explanation or result of judgment.
- עֲשֶׂרֶת (ʿaséret) – Root: עשר (ʿ-sh-r); Form: Numeral, masculine plural construct; Translation: “ten [of]”; Notes: Governs the construct chain with “yoke.”
- צִמְדֵּי־כֶרֶם (tsimdei-kerem) – Root: צמד (tsamad), כרם (kerem); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + noun masculine singular; Translation: “yoke of vineyard”; Notes: Refers to paired units of cultivated vineyard land.
- יַעֲשׂוּ (yaʿasu) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall produce”; Notes: Describes limited yield despite large area.
- בַּת (bat) – Root: בת (bat); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “bath”; Notes: Ancient liquid measure ≈ 22 liters.
- אֶחָת (eḥat) – Root: אחד (ʾaḥad); Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Modifies “bath” to emphasize meagerness of yield.
- וְזֶרַע (ve-zeraʿ) – Root: זרע (zaraʿ); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the seed”; Notes: Refers to sowing of grain.
- חֹמֶר (ḥomer) – Root: חמר (ḥamar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “ḥomer”; Notes: Dry volume measure ≈ 220 liters.
- יַעֲשֶׂה (yaʿaseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall yield”; Notes: Parallel to earlier verb; again notes diminished return.
- אֵיפָה (ʾeifah) – Root: איפה (ʾeifah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “ephah”; Notes: Dry measure ≈ 22 liters; only a tenth of the ḥomer.