וְקִבַּצְתִּי֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַגֹּויִ֔ם וְהֹ֣ורַדְתִּ֔ים אֶל־עֵ֖מֶק יְהֹֽושָׁפָ֑ט וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּ֨י עִמָּ֜ם שָׁ֗ם עַל־עַמִּ֨י וְנַחֲלָתִ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פִּזְּר֣וּ בַגֹּויִ֔ם וְאֶת־אַרְצִ֖י חִלֵּֽקוּ׃
And I will gather all the nations and will bring them down to the valley of Yehoshafat, and I will enter into judgment with them there concerning My people and My inheritance Yisraʾel, whom they have scattered among the nations and have divided My land.
Morphology
- וְקִבַּצְתִּי֙ (ve-kibbasti) – Root: קבץ (qavats); Form: Conjunction + Piel perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will gather”; Notes: Expresses deliberate and comprehensive gathering by YHWH of all nations for judgment.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: (untranslated); Notes: Marks the direct object “all the nations.”
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Denotes totality, emphasizing that no nation is excluded from this judgment.
- הַגֹּויִ֔ם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Refers to non-Israelite peoples, gathered by YHWH for divine judgment.
- וְהֹ֣ורַדְתִּ֔ים (ve-horadtim) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular + suffix 3mp; Translation: “and I will bring them down”; Notes: Indicates divine action of compelling the nations into the appointed place of judgment.
- אֶל־ (ʾel) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Marks direction toward the valley of judgment.
- עֵ֖מֶק (ʿemeq) – Root: עמק (ʿemeq); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “valley”; Notes: A geographical feature symbolically associated with divine confrontation.
- יְהֹֽושָׁפָ֑ט (Yehoshafat) – Root: יהושפט (Yehoshafat); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoshafat” (“YHWH judges”); Notes: Likely a symbolic name emphasizing the theme of divine judgment.
- וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּ֨י (ve-nishpattti) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Form: Conjunction + Nifal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will enter into judgment”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s role as the righteous judge over all nations.
- עִמָּ֜ם (ʿimmam) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition + suffix 3mp; Translation: “with them”; Notes: Denotes YHWH’s direct involvement and confrontation with the nations.
- שָׁ֗ם (sham) – Root: שם (sham); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Refers to the specific location—the valley where the divine judgment occurs.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition; Translation: “concerning” or “on account of”; Notes: Introduces the cause or reason for divine judgment.
- עַמִּ֨י (ʿammi) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “My people”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s covenant people, Yisraʾel.
- וְנַחֲלָתִ֤י (ve-naḥalati) – Root: נחל (naḥal); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “and My inheritance”; Notes: Expresses YHWH’s covenantal ownership of Yisraʾel as His treasured possession.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Represents the covenant nation scattered among the nations but preserved by divine fidelity.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom” or “that”; Notes: Connects to the nations’ actions against YHWH’s people.
- פִּזְּר֣וּ (pizzeru) – Root: פזר (pazar); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have scattered”; Notes: Refers to the dispersion of Yisraʾel among the nations by their enemies.
- בַגֹּויִ֔ם (ba-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “among the nations”; Notes: Indicates the global extent of the dispersion.
- וְאֶת־ (ve-et) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker; Translation: (untranslated); Notes: Introduces the next object of the nations’ wrongdoing.
- אַרְצִ֖י (artsi) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “My land”; Notes: Refers to the land belonging to YHWH, the inheritance of His people.
- חִלֵּֽקוּ (ḥillequ) – Root: חלק (ḥalaq); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have divided”; Notes: Denotes the unjust partitioning of YHWH’s land among foreign powers, provoking divine judgment.