וּמֵ֨תוּ גְדֹלִ֧ים וּקְטַנִּ֛ים בָּאָ֥רֶץ הַזֹּ֖את לֹ֣א יִקָּבֵ֑רוּ וְלֹֽא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֣א יִתְגֹּדַ֔ד וְלֹ֥א יִקָּרֵ֖חַ לָהֶֽם׃
And great and small shall die in this land; they shall not be buried, and none shall lament for them, nor cut themselves, nor make themselves bald for them.
Morphology
- וּמֵתוּ (u-metu) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And they shall die”; Notes: Introduces the fate of the people in prophetic judgment.
- גְדֹלִים (gedolim) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “great”; Notes: May refer to elders, leaders, or prominent individuals.
- וּקְטַנִּים (u-qtannim) – Root: קטן (qatan); Form: Conjunction + adjective masculine plural; Translation: “and small”; Notes: Includes the lowly or insignificant; totalizing phrase.
- בָּאָרֶץ (ba-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Yisraʾel/Judah.
- הַזֹּאת (hazot) – Root: —; Form: Demonstrative adjective feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Modifies “land.”
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יִקָּבֵרוּ (yiqqaveru) – Root: קבר (qavar); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall be buried”; Notes: Passive form; no proper burial rites will be observed.
- וְלֹא־יִסְפְּדוּ (ve-lo-yispedu) – Root: ספד (safad); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they shall not mourn”; Notes: No public lamentation will occur.
- לָהֶם (lahem) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for them”; Notes: Refers to the dead.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “nor”; Notes: Continues the negated actions.
- יִתְגֹּדַד (yitgodad) – Root: גדד (gadad); Form: Hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “cut themselves”; Notes: Refers to pagan mourning customs forbidden in Torah.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle (again); Translation: “nor”; Notes: Continues negation of mourning acts.
- יִקָּרֵחַ (yiqqareach) – Root: קרח (qarach); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “make themselves bald”; Notes: Another mourning custom—shaving the head in grief.
- לָהֶם (lahem) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix (repeated); Translation: “for them”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes lack of honor given to the deceased.