בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֗יא יֵאָמֵ֤ר לָֽעָם־הַזֶּה֙ וְלִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם ר֣וּחַ צַ֤ח שְׁפָיִים֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר דֶּ֖רֶךְ בַּת־עַמִּ֑י לֹ֥וא לִזְרֹ֖ות וְלֹ֥וא לְהָבַֽר׃
At that time it shall be said to this people and to Yerushalayim, “A clear wind from the barren heights in the wilderness is on the way of the daughter of My people—not to winnow and not to cleanse,
Morphology
- בָּעֵ֣ת (baʿet) – Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “At the time”; Notes: Refers to a specific, future moment of judgment.
- הַהִ֗יא (ha-hiʾ) – Root: הוא (hiʾ); Form: Definite feminine demonstrative; Translation: “that”; Notes: Refers back to a prophesied moment or season.
- יֵאָמֵ֤ר (yeʾamer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “it shall be said”; Notes: Passive construction introducing a prophetic proclamation.
- לָעָם־הַזֶּה (laʿam hazzeh) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular + demonstrative adjective; Translation: “to this people”; Notes: Yisraʾel or Yehudah addressed directly.
- וְלִירוּשָׁלִַם (ve-li-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים; Form: Conjunction + preposition לְ + proper noun; Translation: “and to Yerushalayim”; Notes: Parallel audience with “this people.”
- ר֣וּחַ (ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “wind” or “spirit”; Notes: May symbolize divine judgment or force of destruction.
- צַ֤ח (tsaḥ) – Root: צחח (tsaḥaḥ); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “clear” or “dry”; Notes: Possibly denoting scorching or purifying wind.
- שְׁפָיִים (shefayim) – Root: שׁפה (shafah); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “barren heights” or “bare hills”; Notes: Elevated, dry terrain characteristic of wilderness.
- בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר (ba-midbar) – Root: דבר (midbar); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the wilderness”; Notes: Desolate region, often setting for judgment or testing.
- דֶּ֖רֶךְ (derekh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the way” or “path”; Notes: Indicates movement toward a destination.
- בַּת־עַמִּ֑י (bat-ʿammi) – Root: בת (bat), עם (ʿam); Form: Construct noun + noun with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “daughter of My people”; Notes: Personification of the nation as a vulnerable daughter.
- לֹ֥וא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following infinitives.
- לִזְרֹ֖ות (lizrot) – Root: זרה (zarah); Form: Infinitive construct with preposition לְ; Translation: “to winnow”; Notes: Refers to separating chaff from grain—implies judgment or cleansing, here denied.
- וְלֹ֥וא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Continues the negation from the previous clause.
- לְהָבַֽר (le-havar) – Root: ברר (barar); Form: Infinitive construct with preposition לְ; Translation: “to cleanse” or “to purify”; Notes: Suggests this wind is not sent for refining, but destruction.