רָאִ֕יתִי וְהִנֵּ֖ה אֵ֣ין הָאָדָ֑ם וְכָל־עֹ֥וף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם נָדָֽדוּ׃
I saw, and behold, there was no human, and all the birds of the heavens had fled.
Morphology
- רָאִ֕יתִי (raʾiti) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I saw”; Notes: First-person report of a prophetic or visionary observation.
- וְהִנֵּ֖ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: נה (hinneh); Form: Conjunction + interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Introduces something startling or significant in the vision.
- אֵ֣ין (ʾein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Form: Particle of non-existence; Translation: “there was no”; Notes: Indicates absence or negation of being.
- הָאָדָ֑ם (ha-ʾadam) – Root: אדם (ʾadam); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the human” or “man”; Notes: Refers generically to mankind or any human presence.
- וְכָל־עֹ֥וף (ve-khol-ʿof) – Root: עוף (ʿof); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular in construct; Translation: “and all the birds”; Notes: Construct chain introducing the next clause.
- הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם (ha-shamayim) – Root: שׁמים (shamayim); Form: Definite noun masculine dual (plural in form); Translation: “of the heavens”; Notes: Completes the construct phrase: “birds of the heavens.”
- נָדָֽדוּ (nadadu) – Root: נדד (nadad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they had fled”; Notes: Describes the complete absence of birds, suggesting total desolation.