Jeremiah 48:33

וְנֶאֶסְפָ֨ה שִׂמְחָ֥ה וָגִ֛יל מִכַּרְמֶ֖ל וּמֵאֶ֣רֶץ מֹואָ֑ב וְיַ֨יִן֙ מִיקָבִ֣ים הִשְׁבַּ֔תִּי לֹֽא־יִדְרֹ֣ךְ הֵידָ֔ד הֵידָ֖ד לֹ֥א הֵידָֽד׃

And joy and gladness are gathered away from the fruitful field and from the land of Moʾav; and wine from the winepresses I have caused to cease. None shall tread with shouting—shouting, there shall be no shouting.

Morphology

1. וְנֶאֶסְפָה (ve-neʾesfah) – Root: אסף; Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular with prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and is gathered away”; Notes: Niphal passive, here describing removal or disappearance.
2. שִׂמְחָה (simḥah) – Root: שׂמח; Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “joy”; Notes: Represents festivity and delight, now ended.
3. וָגִיל (va-gil) – Root: גיל; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and gladness”; Notes: Parallel to joy, reinforcing the total loss of celebration.
4. מִכַּרְמֶל (mi-karmel) – Root: כרמל; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “from the fruitful field”; Notes: כַּרְמֶל signifies fertile land, vineyard, or orchard.
5. וּמֵאֶרֶץ (u-me-ʾerets) – Root: ארץ; Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition מִן + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “and from the land of”; Notes: Introduces broader territorial scope.
6. מֹואָב (Moʾav) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun (nation/land); Translation: “Moʾav”; Notes: Nation subject to YHWH’s judgment.
7. וְיַיִן (ve-yayin) – Root: יין; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and wine”; Notes: Wine is a symbol of blessing and festivity, now ceasing.
8. מִיקָבִים (mi-yeqavim) – Root: יקב; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural absolute; Translation: “from the winepresses”; Notes: Indicates the source of wine production.
9. הִשְׁבַּתִּי (hishbati) – Root: שׁבת; Form: Hifil perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have caused to cease”; Notes: YHWH is the subject who halts joy and wine production.
10. לֹא־ (lo) – Root: —; Form: Negative particle with maqaf; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the action of treading.
11. יִדְרֹךְ (yidroḵ) – Root: דרך; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall tread”; Notes: Refers to treading grapes in the winepress.
12. הֵידָד (heidad) – Root: הידד; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “shouting”; Notes: Joyful cry accompanying the treading of grapes; repetition intensifies the irony of silence.
13. הֵידָד (heidad) – Root: הידד; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute (repetition); Translation: “shouting”; Notes: Emphatic echo of former festivity, now absent.
14. לֹא (lo) – Root: —; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates conclusively, reinforcing the silence of joy.
15. הֵידָד (heidad) – Root: הידד; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “shouting”; Notes: Final negation: there shall be no joyous cries in the harvest.