כִּי֩ בָגֹ֨וד בָּגְד֜וּ בִּ֗י בֵּ֧ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וּבֵ֥ית יְהוּדָ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃
For treacherously they have dealt against Me, the house of Yisraʾel and the house of Yehuda,” declares YHWH.
Morphology
- כִּי֩ (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason or cause for divine action or statement.
- בָגֹ֨וד (va·god) – Root: בגד; Form: Infinitive absolute, Qal; Translation: “treacherously”; Notes: Used for intensification, emphasizing the repeated or grave nature of the betrayal.
- בָּגְד֜וּ (bagdu) – Root: בגד; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have dealt treacherously”; Notes: Main verb supported by the preceding infinitive absolute.
- בִּ֗י (bi) – Root: ב; Form: Preposition + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “against Me”; Notes: Indicates the object of the treachery—YHWH Himself.
- בֵּ֧ית (beit) – Root: בית; Form: Construct state noun masculine singular; Translation: “house of”; Notes: Used to denote a national or tribal entity.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the northern kingdom.
- וּבֵ֥ית (u-veit) – Root: בית; Form: Conjunction + construct state noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the house of”; Notes: Joins Yehudah to Yisraʾel in shared guilt.
- יְהוּדָ֖ה (Yehudah) – Root: יהודה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the southern kingdom.
- נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun (declaration) + divine name; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: Formulaic prophetic signature confirming divine speech.