Jeremiah 5:10

עֲל֤וּ בְשָׁרֹותֶ֨יהָ֙ וְשַׁחֵ֔תוּ וְכָלָ֖ה אַֽל־תַּעֲשׂ֑וּ הָסִ֨ירוּ֙ נְטִ֣ישֹׁותֶ֔יהָ כִּ֛י לֹ֥וא לַיהוָ֖ה הֵֽמָּה׃

Go up through her vine-rows and destroy, but do not make a full end. Remove her tendrils, for they are not to YHWH.

Morphology

1. עֲל֤וּ (ʿalu) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Go up”; Notes: Command to ascend or invade.
2. בְשָׁרֹותֶ֨יהָ (be-sharoteha) – Root: שרר or possibly שר (sharer/shar); Form: Preposition + noun feminine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “through her vine-rows” or “ranks”; Notes: A poetic or agricultural image—likely referring to structured rows like in a vineyard.
3. וְשַׁחֵ֔תוּ (ve-shaḥetu) – Root: שחת (shaḥat); Form: Piel imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and destroy”; Notes: A strong command to ruin or lay waste.
4. וְכָלָ֖ה (ve-kalah) – Root: כלה (kalah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a full end”; Notes: Refers to total destruction or annihilation.
5. אַל־תַּעֲשׂ֑וּ (ʾal-taʿasu) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Negative particle + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural (jussive); Translation: “do not make”; Notes: Prohibition against utter destruction.
6. הָסִ֨ירוּ (hasiru) – Root: סור (sur); Form: Hifil imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Remove”; Notes: Causative command to pull away or strip off.
7. נְטִ֣ישֹׁותֶ֔יהָ (netishoteha) – Root: נטשׁ (nataš); Form: Noun feminine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her tendrils” or “branches”; Notes: Likely refers to spreading growth or peripheral shoots.
8. כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason or cause.
9. לֹ֥וא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following phrase.
10. לַיהוָ֖ה (la-YHWH) – Root: הוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition + proper divine name; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Implies belonging or dedication to YHWH.
11. הֵֽמָּה (hemah) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Refers to the tendrils or offshoots—those not loyal to YHWH.