וּבַחֹ֤דֶשׁ הַֽחֲמִישִׁי֙ בֶּעָשֹׂ֣ור לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ הִ֗יא שְׁנַת֙ תְּשַֽׁע־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֑ל בָּ֗א נְבֽוּזַרְאֲדָן֙ רַב־טַבָּחִ֔ים עָמַ֛ד לִפְנֵ֥י מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
And in the fifth month, on the tenth of the month, that was the nineteenth year of King Nevukhadretstsar king of Bavel, Nevuzarʾadan the captain of the guards came, who stood before the king of Bavel, in Yerushalayim.
Morphology
- וּבַחֹדֶשׁ (u-va-ḥodesh) – Root: חדשׁ (ḥodesh); Form: Conjunction + preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and in the month”; Notes: Marks the beginning of the time reference.
- הַחֲמִישִׁי (ha-ḥamishi) – Root: חמשׁ (ḥamesh); Form: Ordinal adjective masculine singular definite; Translation: “the fifth”; Notes: Refers to the fifth month (Av).
- בֶּעָשֹׂור (be-ʿasor) – Root: עשר (ʿeser); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the tenth”; Notes: Specific day of the month.
- לַחֹדֶשׁ (la-ḥodesh) – Root: חדשׁ (ḥodesh); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “of the month.”
- הִיא (hi) – Root: הוא (hu/hi); Form: Independent pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “it was”; Notes: Identifies the year specification.
- שְׁנַת (shenat) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Construct noun feminine singular; Translation: “year of.”
- תְּשַׁע־עֶשְׂרֵה (teshaʿ-ʿesreh) – Root: תשע (teshaʿ), עשר (ʿeser); Form: Compound numeral; Translation: “nineteen.”
- שָׁנָה (shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “year.”
- לַמֶּלֶךְ (la-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “of the king.”
- נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר (Nevukhadretstsar) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Personal name; Translation: “Nevukhadretstsar”; Notes: Babylonian monarch.
- מֶלֶךְ־בָּבֶל (melekh-Bavel) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “king of Bavel.”
- בָּא (ba) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “came.”
- נְבוּזַרְאֲדָן (Nevuzarʾadan) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Personal name; Translation: “Nevuzarʾadan.”
- רַב־טַבָּחִים (rav-tabbaḥim) – Root: טבח (ṭavaḥ); Form: Construct noun masculine singular + plural noun; Translation: “chief of the guards”; Notes: Title meaning commander of the guard, lit. “chief of slaughterers.”
- עָמַד (ʿamad) – Root: עמד (ʿamad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “stood.”
- לִפְנֵי (lifnei) – Root: פן (panim); Form: Preposition construct; Translation: “before.”
- מֶלֶךְ־בָּבֶל (melekh-Bavel) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “the king of Bavel.”
- בִּירוּשָׁלָם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + place name; Translation: “in Yerushalayim.”